Provided is a non-alkali glass having a strain point of 680? C. or higher, having an average thermal expansion coefficient of from 30?10.sup.?7/? C. to 45?10.sup.?7/? C. at from 50? C. to 350? C., containing, indicated by mass % on the basis of oxides: SiO.sub.2: 54% to 66%, Al.sub.2O.sub.3: 10% to 27%, B.sub.2O.sub.3: 0.2% to 5.5%, MgO: 0% to 10%, CaO: 0% to 15%, SrO: 0% to 15%, BaO: 0% to 15%, and MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO: 8% to 25%, containing 600 mass ppm or less of Na.sub.2O, and satisfying a mass ratio (Na.sub.2O/B.sub.2O.sub.3) between Na.sub.2O and B.sub.2O.sub.3 being from 0.001 to 0.3.

A method for achieving alignment and optical switching of a liquid crystal (LC) layer that is deposited on chalcogenide glass (ChG). Direct brushing of ChG produces an effective LC alignment layer. Also disclosed is the related waveguide assembly for achieving alignment and optical switching of a liquid crystal (LC) layer deposited on chalcogenide glass (ChG).

A plastic substrate includes: a plastic support member having light transmittance; and a first organic-inorganic hybrid layer on the plastic support member. The first organic-inorganic hybrid layer includes: a first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix; and ions implanted into the first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix at a side opposite to a side adjacent the plastic support member. An amount of the ions per unit area is in a range from about 210.sup.13/cm.sup.2 to about 210.sup.14/cm.sup.2.

A manufacturing method of an array substrate structure is disclosed, in which after a common electrode is formed, a reduction resistant layer is first formed on the common electrode before deposition of a second insulation layer in order to prevent the film quality of the common electrode from being affected by a reductive atmosphere generated in a process of directly depositing the second insulation layer on the common electrode thereby reducing the influence on the transmittal of the common electrode caused by the deposition of the second insulation layer on the common electrode and providing the common electrode with increased transmittal and enhancing displaying performance.

The present invention provides an array substrate structure and a manufacturing method thereof, in which after a common electrode (91) is formed, a reduction resistant layer (82) is first formed on the common electrode (91) before deposition of a second insulation layer (83) in order to prevent the film quality of the common electrode (91) from being affected by a reductive atmosphere generated in a process of directly depositing the second insulation layer (83) on the common electrode (91) thereby reducing the influence on the transmittal of the common electrode (91) caused by the deposition of the second insulation layer (83) on the common electrode (91) and providing the common electrode (91) with increased transmittal and enhancing displaying performance.

There is provided a cover window including a first region; and second regions at both sides of the first region, wherein the first region has a stiffness being different from the second regions, and the stiffness of an interface region between the first region and the second region is gradually changed.

A glass backplane includes a tempered glass substrate, a light-shielding layer and a reflective layer. Two opposite sides of the tempered glass substrate are a first side and a second side. The light-shielding layer is disposed on the first side of the tempered glass substrate, two opposite sides of the light-shielding layer are a first side and a second side, and the second side of the light-shielding layer is closer to the tempered glass substrate than the first side of the light-shielding layer. The reflective layer is disposed at the first side of the light-shielding layer.

The present disclosure provides a glass plate including a main surface having a plurality of minute deformed portions which are recesses or projections, wherein, where an average value of lengths of two sides adjacent to each other of a minimum quadrilateral with four right angles surrounding each minute deformed portion is defined as a dimension, an average value of the dimensions of the plurality of deformed portions is 3.2 to 35.5 m. The glass plate satisfies a condition a1 that a ratio of deformed portions A1 having the dimensions of 0.5 to 3.0 m with respect to the plurality of deformed portions in terms of number is less than 5%, and/or a condition d1 that a coefficient of variation of the dimensions is 40% or less. This glass plate is suitable for suppressing sparkle and is highly practical, when disposed on an image display device.

The present invention provides an array substrate structure and a manufacturing method thereof, in which after a common electrode (91) is formed, a reduction resistant layer (82) is first formed on the common electrode (91) before deposition of a second insulation layer (83) in order to prevent the film quality of the common electrode (91) from being affected by a reductive atmosphere generated in a process of directly depositing the second insulation layer (83) on the common electrode (91) thereby reducing the influence on the transmittal of the common electrode (91) caused by the deposition of the second insulation layer (83) on the common electrode (91) and providing the common electrode (91) with increased transmittal and enhancing displaying performance.

A switchable liquid crystal grating cell, and methods for manufacturing the above. The switchable liquid crystal grating cell comprises a pair of switchable liquid crystal grating parts, each switchable liquid crystal grating part comprises a substrate; a conductive layer on the substrate; and a photoalignment layer with an alignment pattern above the conductive layer on the substrate, the alignment pattern having first and second types of domains, the first type of domain having a first uniform alignment direction, the second type of domain having a second uniform alignment direction that is reoriented at a predetermined angle to the first uniform alignment direction, the predetermined angle is 85-95, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of switchable liquid crystal grating parts, wherein an alignment pattern on a top surface is arranged to be shifted relative to the other alignment pattern on a bottom surface.