A display panel comprises: an array substrate on which common wiring is provided; a color filter substrate cell-assembled with the array substrate, a common electrode corresponding to the common wiring being provided on the color filter substrate; a sealant disposed between the array and filter substrates, and enclosing a liquid crystal accommodating space with the array and filter substrates; and a conductive glue ball embedded in the sealant and used for conducting the wiring of the array substrate and the electrode of the filter substrate. The non-display region of the array substrate comprises a transfer region corresponding to the position of the glue ball and a surrounding region disposed around the transfer region; taking the surface of the array substrate distant from the filter substrate as a reference, the height of the surrounding region of the array substrate is less than the maximum height of the transfer region of the array substrate.

A conductive element includes: a first conductive film; a second conductive film connected to the first conductive film; a first insulating film covering the first conductive film and disposed in a layer below the second conductive film, the first insulating film having a contact hole exposing at least an edge face of the first conductive film and thereby connecting the second conductive film to the first conductive film; a second insulating film disposed in a layer above the second insulating film so as to straddle the contact hole; and a third conductive film disposed in a layer above the second conductive film with the second insulating film between the second and third conductive films, the third conductive film having a conductive film opening that contains a location overlapping the edge face of the first conductive film in a plan view.

Efficient harmonic light generation can be achieved with ultrathin films by coupling an incident pump wave to an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) mode of the thin film. As an example, efficient third harmonic generation from an indium tin oxide nanofilm (λ/42 thick) on a glass substrate for a pump wavelength of 1.4 μm was demonstrated. A conversion efficiency of 3.3×10.sup.−6 was achieved by exploiting the field enhancement properties of the ENZ mode with an enhancement factor of 200. This nanoscale frequency conversion method is applicable to other plasmonic materials and reststrahlen materials in proximity of the longitudinal optical phonon frequencies.

A display panel is provided. The display panel includes a frame area, and the frame area includes an array substrate and a color filter substrate. The array substrate includes a fanout area configured to dispose a fanout trace. The color filter substrate is disposed opposite to the array substrate. The color filter substrate includes a gate driver on array (GOA) circuit and a signal trace disposed at a side of the GOA circuit. The GOA circuit is electrically connected to the signal trace. The GOA circuit and the signal trace both overlap the fanout area.

Disclosed is a method to modify the superconductive properties of a potentially or effectively superconductive material. The method includes providing a reflective or photonic structure and placing said superconductive material in or on the structure. The method also includes providing a structure which has an electromagnetic mode which is resonant with a transition in the material and controlling, in particular enhancing, the superconductivity, and thus the mobility of the charge carriers. This results in a higher operating temperature and an increased electrical current in the material, by means of strongly coupling the material to the local electromagnetic vacuum field and exploiting the formation of states of spatial extension corresponding to the mode volume of the electromagnetic resonance. Also disclosed is an electronic, electro-optical or optoelectronic device including superconductive material located in or on a reflective or photonic structure.

A liquid crystal display panel and a manufacturing method thereof are provided, in which transparent traces are prepared on a first substrate to replace metal traces originally under a sealant, so that ultraviolet light is irradiated on the sealant from a side of the transparent traces in a process of curing the sealant, which can effectively improve a curing rate of the sealant. Moreover, transparent conductive polymer has better corrosion resistance than metal, which can effectively prevent circuit corrosion caused by the sealant absorbing water.

A display device includes: a display module including a first area and a second area at least partially surrounding the first area in a plan view; an external member disposed on the display module; and an adhesive layer configured to couple the display module to the external member, wherein a coupling strength between the second area and the adhesive layer is greater than a coupling strength between the first area and the adhesive layer.

An electronic device includes a first substrate; a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate; a first electrode layer disposed on the first substrate; a second electrode layer disposed on the second substrate; a display medium layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer; a sealant disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer to surround the display medium layer; and a first metal element extending along a first direction, wherein the first metal element is fixed onto the first electrode layer through a conductive glue and a first insulating glue.

A switchable optical device is provided having a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) and a seal (114). The two substrates (11, 12) and the seal (114) are arranged such that a cell having a cell gap is formed and a switchable medium (10) is located inside the cell gap. The first substrate (11) has a first transparent electrode (21) and the second substrate (12) has a second transparent electrode (22). The electrodes (21, 22) are facing towards the cell gap. The two substrates (11, 12) are arranged such that the first substrate (11) has a first region (71) adjacent to a first edge (41) of the first substrate (11) which does not overlap with the second substrate (12) and the second substrate (12) has a second region (72) which does not overlap with the first substrate (11). A first electrically conducting busbar (31) is arranged in the first region (71) and a second electrically conducting busbar (32) is arranged in the second region (72). A first terminal is electrically connected to the first busbar (31) and a second terminal is electrically connected to the second busbar (32). The first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12) each have an edge deletion (116) in which the respective transparent electrode (21, 22) is removed. The edge deletion (116) is complete on the edges non-adjacent to a busbar (31, 32) and there is no edge deletion or only partial edge deletion on edges adjacent to a busbar (31, 32).

Further aspects of the invention relate to a method for designing a switchable optical device, a method for driving a switchable optical device, a method for manufacturing a switchable optical device and a system comprising a switchable optical device and a controller for driving the switchable optical device.

An electronic device includes a first substrate; a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate; a first electrode layer disposed on the first substrate; a second electrode layer disposed on the second substrate; a display medium layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer; a sealant disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer to surround the display medium layer; and a first metal element extending along a first direction, wherein the first metal element is fixed onto the first electrode layer through a conductive glue and a first insulating glue.