The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device capable of maintaining a favorable voltage holding ratio and reducing occurrence of image sticking and stain and a decrease in contrast ratio in a high-temperature environment for a long time while including a photo-alignment film, and a method for manufacturing such a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes paired substrates, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates, a photo-alignment film disposed between at least one of the substrates and the liquid crystal layer, and a polymer layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the photo-alignment film. The photo-alignment film contains a polymer that contains a photo-reactive functional group. The polymer layer contains a polymer that has a structure derived from a specific polymerization initiator and a structure derived from a specific monomer.

A display device includes a base layer, a first pixel transistor, a first gate line, a first data line electrically connected to the first pixel transistor, a first pixel electrode electrically connected to the first pixel transistor and overlapping the first data line in a plan view, and a porous layer. The porous layer is disposed between the first data line and the first pixel electrode and includes a matrix including a polymer resin and a plurality of void portions defined in the matrix. The display device is capable of displaying a sharp image because the porous layer alleviates or prevents a crosstalk between the first data line and the first pixel electrode.

A liquid crystal display device includes a light source member and a display panel disposed on the light source member. The display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a liquid crystal layer, and a color conversion layer that is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate. The color conversion layer includes a light emitter and a low refractive body having a refractive index of about 1.0 to about 1.3. The liquid crystal display device exhibits high color reproducibility and improves external light extraction efficiency.

An electronic device is provided, including: a first substrate, a plurality of phase shifters, a second substrate, a plurality of patches, a common electrode layer, a dielectric layer, and a liquid-crystal layer. The plurality of phase shifters are disposed on the first substrate. The second substrate has an inner side facing the first substrate. The plurality of patches are disposed on the inner side of the second substrate. The dielectric layer is disposed between the common electrode layer and the second substrate and on the plurality of patches. The liquid-crystal layer is disposed between the plurality of phase shifters and the common electrode layer.

Provided is an electro-optical modulator, particularly a double layer graphene modulator having an optimized arrangement to provide both a large optical bandwidth and a high optical transmission for light travelling through an optical waveguide of the modulator, wherein at least one of a top and a bottom graphene sheets extends along a X-direction: above part of the width of the optical waveguide, wherein that part ranges from 50% to 100% of the width of the optical waveguide; or completely above the whole width of the optical waveguide, and beyond through a respective further projecting portion with a length, along the X direction, of up to 25% of the optical waveguide width. Provided is also a method for obtaining the electro-optical modulator of the invention.

A light unit according to an exemplary embodiment includes a light source and an optical member transmitting and converting light emitted from the light source, where the optical member includes a light guide, a low refractive index layer disposed on the light guide and having a smaller refractive index than that of the light guide, and a wavelength conversion layer disposed on the low refractive index layer and including quantum dots, and the low refractive index layer includes a metal.

An optical device includes a first waveguide that propagates light in a first direction; and a second waveguide including a first mirror, a second mirror, and an optical waveguide layer. The first mirror extends in the first direction and has a first reflecting surface, and the second mirror extends in the first direction and has a second reflecting surface. The optical waveguide layer is located between the first and second mirrors and propagates the light in the first direction. A forward end portion of the first waveguide is disposed inside the optical waveguide layer. In a region in which the first and second waveguides overlap each other when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the first reflecting surface, at least part of the first waveguide and/or at least part of the second waveguide includes at least one grating whose refractive index varies periodically in the first direction.

A display device includes a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate, an isolation structure, and a front panel laminate (FPL) structure. The TFT array substrate has pixel electrodes. The isolation structure is between the pixel electrodes to form a first resistance between adjacent pixel electrodes. The front panel laminate structure is located on the isolation structure and the pixel electrodes adhesive layer, and has a display medium layer therein.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel and a display device. The liquid crystal display panel includes an array substrate, a counter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The array substrate includes a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer. The second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first alignment layer away from the liquid crystal layer. A dielectric constant of the first alignment layer is less than a dielectric constant of liquid crystal molecules, and a dielectric constant of the second alignment layer is greater than the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal molecules. Accordingly, the present invention not only ensures high light transmittance, but also prevents residual images.

A liquid crystal display device includes a light source member and a display panel disposed on the light source member. The display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a liquid crystal layer, and a color conversion layer that is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate. The color conversion layer includes a light emitter and a low refractive body having a refractive index of about 1.0 to about 1.3. The liquid crystal display device exhibits high color reproducibility and improves external light extraction efficiency.