According to an aspect, a liquid crystal display device includes: a first light-transmitting substrate; a second light-transmitting substrate disposed so as to be opposed to the first light-transmitting substrate; a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate; alignment films that are provided to the first light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate, respectively, and are in contact with the liquid crystal layer; and at least one light emitter disposed so as to be opposed to at least one of side surfaces of the first light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal comprising a polymer network formed in a mesh shape and liquid crystal molecules held in a dispersed manner in gaps of the polymer network, and each of the alignment films comprises a photocrosslinkable group connected to the polymer network.

A photoacoustic and ultrasonic endoscope includes an optical fiber, a light diffuser configured to radially diffuse a laser beam transmitted through the optical fiber, and an array transducer having a cylindrical shape and surrounding the light diffuser, the array transducer being configured to transmit the diffused laser beam therethrough and to generate an ultrasonic wave or detect an ultrasonic wave generated by an object to be examined.

According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer including polymers and liquid crystal molecules, and a light-emitting element. The first substrate includes a transparent substrate, a scanning line, a signal line crossing the scanning line, a switching element electrically connected to the scanning line and the signal line, an organic insulating film overlapping the switching element, and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the switching element. A thickness of the organic insulating film located between the transparent substrate and the pixel electrode is less than a thickness of the organic insulating film overlapping the switching element.

Provided are a light-emitting substrate and a preparation method thereof, a light-emitting module, and a display module. The light-emitting substrate includes a substrate, a drive circuit layer located on a side of the substrate, at least one light-emitting element located on a side of the drive circuit layer away from the substrate, and a first reflective layer disposed on a side of the light-emitting element away from the substrate; the drive circuit layer includes multiple first wirings and second wirings which are disposed crosswise, and the first wirings and the second wirings form at least one light transmittance region.

A display device including: a first substrate; first through third subpixel electrodes which are disposed on the first substrate to neighbor each other; a second substrate opposing the first substrate; a first wavelength conversion pattern at least partially overlapping the first subpixel electrode and a second wavelength conversion pattern at least partially overlapping the second subpixel electrode; a first light transmission pattern at least partially overlapping the third subpixel electrode and a second light transmission pattern disposed between the first wavelength conversion pattern and the second wavelength conversion pattern; and a low refractive layer which has a lower refractive index than the first and second wavelength conversion patterns.

According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first substrate having a first transparent substrate and a pixel electrode, a second substrate having a second transparent substrate, a first common electrode, a second common electrode, and an insulating film disposed between the first common electrode and the second common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer. The first common electrode is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the insulating film, and includes a first opening and a first electrode portion. The second common electrode is disposed between the insulating film and the second transparent substrate, and includes a second electrode portion overlapping the first opening.

A lighting device comprises a light-emitting module with light-emitting elements, wherein the light-emitting elements are arranged adjacent to each other and are configured to emit light towards a light-emitting side. The light-emitting module is configured such that the light-emitting elements can be addressed partially independently of each other, such that some may be brought into a switched-on state while others are brought into a switched-off state. A top layer is disposed on the light-emitting module at the light-emitting side. Further comprising a switching material capable of a reversible change in transmittance for the light emitted by changing to a higher transmittance in regions where the top layer situated on light-emitting elements in the switched-on state or to a lower transmittance in regions of the top layer situated in the switched-off state. The invention further refers to methods for producing and operating a lighting device and using a lighting device.

A transparent display panel and a transparent display device are disclosed. The transparent display panel comprises a color filter substrate, an electrode layer, a blue phase liquid crystal layer configured to modulate an incident collimated natural light, and a light guide plate. The color filter substrate comprises a black matrix and pixel regions which are surrounded by the black matrix and arranged in a matrix, and each of the pixel regions on the color filter substrate is provided with a light shielding part at a central position, and an opening region surrounded by the light shielding part and the black matrix. The light guide plate is provided with a light exit region on a side close to the blue phase liquid crystal layer, the light exit region is arranged to correspond to the light shielding part in position, and in case the electrode layer does not apply a driving voltage to the blue phase liquid crystal layer, the collimated natural light which passes through the light exit region is incident on the light shielding part and is blocked by the light shielding part. The electrode layer is configured to apply the driving voltage to the blue phase liquid crystal layer to form a liquid crystal grating, and the blue phase liquid crystal receives different driving voltages at different positions in one of grating periods of the liquid crystal grating, so that the collimated natural light is diffracted by the liquid crystal grating and exits through the opening region.

According to a liquid crystal display panel and a display device in the present disclosure, since at least one of a first polarizer and a second polarizer has a light scattering structure, polarized light of corresponding colors transmitted by sub-pixel units with different colors in a liquid crystal display structure can be uniformly diffused by the light scattering structure. That is to say, the light scattering structure plays a role for uniformly mixing the polarized light of different colors. Therefore, the rainbow pattern phenomenon is effectively improved or even eliminated, and the display quality is improved.

Shape measurement of a specular object even in the presence of multiple intra-object reflections such as those at concave regions of the object. Silhouettes of the object are extracted, by positioning the object between a camera and a background. A visual hull of the object is reconstructed based on the extracted silhouettes, such as by image capture of shadows of the object projected onto a screen, and image capture of reflections by the surface of the object of coded patterns onto the screen. The visual hull is used to distinguish between direct (single) reflections of the coded patterns at the surface of the object and multiple reflections. Only the direct (single) reflections are used to triangulate camera rays and light rays onto the surface of the object, with multiple reflections being excluded. The 3D surface shape may be derived by voxel carving of the visual hull, in which voxels along the light path of direct reflections are eliminated. For surface reconstruction of heterogeneous objects, which exhibit both diffuse and specular reflectivity, variations in the polarization state of polarized light may be used to separate between a diffuse component of reflection and a specular component.