A spatial light modulator according to the inventive concept includes a light modulation layer including a plurality of pixels arranged on a plane perpendicular to a first direction, a first lens array including first lenses corresponding one-to-one with the pixels, a second lens array including second lenses corresponding one-to-one with the first lenses, and a spacer layer between the first lens array and the second lens array. Each of the first lenses has a first central axis extending in the first direction and the first central axes of the first lenses meet at different positions for each of the pixels.

A liquid crystal module includes an array substrate, a color film substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The array substrate and the color film substrate are disposed oppositely. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the array substrate and the color film substrate. The array substrate includes a pixel electrode and a capacitor metal layer arranged on a side of the pixel electrode away from the liquid crystal layer. The capacitor metal layer and the pixel electrode form a storage capacitor. The color film substrate includes a reset electrode assembly. In a reset period, the reset electrode assembly is configured to access to a reset voltage signal to orient liquid crystal molecules along a first orientation direction. The reset electrode assembly includes an adjustment structure. During the reset period, the adjustment structure is configured to reduce a capacitive reactance load when the reset voltage signal is turned off.

A head up display system is provided and includes an image source, an image adjustment device, a controller, and a reflector. The image source is adapted to output an image with an image light traveling in a light path. The image adjustment device is positioned on the light path of the image light, wherein the image adjustment device comprises a liquid crystal panel. The controller is adapted to control the image adjustment device. The reflector is adapted to reflect the image light passing through the image adjustment device to a projection screen. A display method of a head up display system is also provided in the disclosure.

A display device includes a display panel and an optical modulator. The display panel includes a plurality of pixels. The optical modulator is disposed over the display panel and includes a plurality of optical modulation units. The optical modulator modulates light emitted from the display panel to corresponding directions. A slant angle of the optical modulator is between 45 and 90.

This disclosure discloses a display panel, a method for driving the same, and a display device. The display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite each other, and a plurality of pixel elements located between the first substrate and the second substrate, where each of the plurality of pixel elements includes a photonic crystal light-modulating structure. The photonic crystal light-modulating structure can be configured to adjust an intensity of light emitted from the pixel element, so as to take the place of a liquid crystal layer in the prior art.

A switchable directional display apparatus comprises a spatial light modulator and a backlight comprising a waveguide, two light sources arranged to provide illumination through the edge of the waveguide and a switchable liquid crystal retarder. The light sources and switchable liquid crystal retarder may be controlled to provide a first operating state with a narrow field of view and a second operating state with a wide field of view. Image visibility in wide angle mode of operation may be maximised while visual security level may be maximised in a narrow angle mode of operation, to provide an efficient privacy mode of operation.

A spatial light modulator (SLM) comprised of a 2D array of optically-controlled semiconductor nanocavities can have a fast modulation rate, small pixel pitch, low pixel tuning energy, and millions of pixels. Incoherent pump light from a control projector tunes each PhC cavity via the free-carrier dispersion effect, thereby modulating the coherent probe field emitted from the cavity array. The use of high-Q/V semiconductor cavities enables energy-efficient all-optical control and eliminates the need for individual tuning elements, which degrade the performance and limit the size of the optical surface. Using this technique, an SLM with 10.sup.6 pixels, micron-order pixel pitch, and GHz-order refresh rates could be realized with less than 1 W of pump power.

An optoelectronic system includes a concentration layer, a modulation layer including an array of light modulators, an exit layer that receives the modulation layer output having a modulation layer output spatial distribution and remaps the modulation layer output spatial distribution to a modified spatial distribution. A collector layer receives the modified spatial distribution to produce a collector layer output. A detector receives the collector layer output. A processor controls the modulation layer and receives the detector output to generate an image. The collector layer can receive the modified spatial distribution at a plurality of collector layer inputs and combine the plurality of collector layer inputs at a collector layer output. Modulators can be configured to direct couple modulated light to a collector layer, without using an exit layer. Configurations with spatial light modulator modules and sub-modules are described.

A spatial light modulator system includes a concentration layer including an array of optical concentrators, such that each concentrator concentrates a portion of an input light beam. A modulation layer includes an array of light modulators each in optical communication with one of the optical concentrators for modulating the portion of the input light beam. The light modulators are spaced apart from one another in the modulation layer to form gaps between adjacent ones of the light modulators. A coil of each light modulator can surround a Faraday element or core containing a Faraday material to control a magnetic state of a Faraday material responsive to control signals.

A liquid crystal on silicon, a wavelength selective switch, an alignment direction obtaining method, and a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal on silicon. The liquid crystal on silicon has a first pixel area, and a first liquid crystal located in the first pixel area. The first liquid crystal is deflected in a plane perpendicular to a first panel, and is deflected towards a first direction in a plane parallel to the first panel. An alignment direction of the first partial alignment film located in the first pixel area is deflected towards a second direction relative to a polarization direction of an incident beam, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction to reduce a loss of a deflected beam.