Embodiments of synthetic garnet materials having advantageous properties, especially for below resonance frequency applications, are disclosed herein. In particular, embodiments of the synthetic garnet materials can have high Curie temperatures and dielectric constants while maintaining low magnetization. These materials can be incorporated into isolators and circulators, such as for use in telecommunication base stations.

Diffractive optical structures, lenses, waveplates, devices, systems and methods, which have the same effect on light regardless of temperature within an operating temperature range. Temperature-compensated switchable diffractive waveplate systems, in which the diffraction efficiency can be maximized for the operating wavelength and temperature by means of adjustment of the electric potential across the liquid crystal or other anisotropic material in the diffracting state of the diffractive state, based on prior measurements of diffraction efficiency as a function of wavelength and temperature. The switchable diffractive waveplates can be a switchable diffractive waveplate diffuser, a switchable cycloidal diffractive waveplate, and a switchable diffractive waveplate lens. An electronic controller can apply an electric potential to the switchable diffractive waveplate. Amplitudes of the electric potential can be determined from lookup tables such that diffraction efficiency at an operating wavelength and measured temperature is maximized. A communications channel can transfer the measured temperature from temperature measurement means to the electronic controller.

A method for manufacturing a light guide plate (LGP) positioning block thereof includes providing a positioning block body of a LGP positioning block and filling and sealing a liquid in a receiving compartment formed in the interior of the positioning block body. The liquid is expandable with a drop of temperature so as to increase a volume thereof and thus enlarge a size of the positioning block body through elasticity of the positioning block body. In this way, the LGP positioning block is adjustable with the variation of the surrounding temperature so as to achieve effective positioning of the light guide plate and providing high reliability of a liquid crystal display device including the light guide plate.

Disclosed are structures as well as methods of manufacture and operation of integrated optoelectronic devices that facilitate directly heating the diode or waveguide structures to regulate a temperature of the device while allowing electrical contacts to be placed close to the device to reduce the electrical resistance. Embodiments include, in particular, heterogeneous electro-absorption modulators that include a compound-semiconductor diode structure placed above a waveguide formed in the device layer of an SOI substrate.

Disclosed are integrated electro-absorption modulators (EAM) that are structured and/or operated to improve uniformity of the photocurrent density along the active region. In various embodiments, this improvement results from increased optical absorption at the rear of the EAM, e.g., as achieved by heating a region at the rear, increasing a bias voltage applied across the EAM towards the rear, or changing a material composition of an intrinsic layer towards the rear. In another embodiment, the improvement is achieved by coupling light from a waveguide into the EAM active region continuously along a length of the EAM, using overlap between a tapered section of the waveguide and the EAM.

A technique comprising: providing on an outer side of a support film of a liquid crystal cell one or more first components having an oxygen transmission rate (OTR) at least 100,000 times lower than said support film of the liquid crystal cell; wherein the method further comprises interposing a preprepared oxygen-permeable adhesive film between said support film of the liquid crystal cell and an innermost one of said one or more first components; wherein the pre-prepared oxygen-permeable adhesive film has a thickness greater than another adhesive film provided on said outer side of said support film outside of said innermost one of said one or more first components.

An electronic device may have a display with a backlight. The backlight provides backlight illumination for an array of pixels that is displaying images. The backlight may include an array of cells. Each cell may contain a light source with one or more light-emitting diodes and a cavity reflector that reflects light from the light source outwardly through a diffuser for use in forming the backlight illumination. The light sources may be mounted to a printed circuit. Support posts on the printed circuit may be used to maintain the diffuser at a fixed distance from the printed circuit. The support posts may have opposing first and second ends. The first ends may be attached to the diffuser with fixed connections such as adhesive connections. The second ends may be attached to the printed circuit using floating connections.

Embodiments of synthetic garnet materials having advantageous properties, especially for below resonance frequency applications, are disclosed herein. In particular, embodiments of the synthetic garnet materials can have high Curie temperatures and dielectric constants while maintaining low magnetization. These materials can be incorporated into isolators and circulators, such as for use in telecommunication base stations.

A wavelength converter includes an excitation light source outputting excitation light, a beam splitter receiving an input of the excitation light and an input of the optical signal and to divide both the inputted excitation light and the inputted optical signal into a first polarization component and a second polarization component, a non-linear optical fiber as a non-polarization-maintaining fiber, an accommodation section securing and accommodating the non-linear optical fiber, a first collimator lens disposed between the beam splitter and a first end of the non-linear optical fiber, and a second collimator lens disposed between the beam splitter and a second end of the non-linear optical fiber, wherein the optical signal is inputted to the beam splitter from a direction different from the input of the excitation light.

Diffractive optical structures, lenses, waveplates, devices, systems and methods, which have the same effect on light regardless of temperature within an operating temperature range. Temperature-compensated switchable diffractive waveplate systems, in which the diffraction efficiency can be maximized for the operating wavelength and temperature by means of adjustment of the electric potential across the liquid crystal or other anisotropic material in the diffracting state of the diffractive state, based on prior measurements of diffraction efficiency as a function of wavelength and temperature. The switchable diffractive waveplates can be a switchable diffractive waveplate diffuser, a switchable cycloidal diffractive waveplate, and a switchable diffractive waveplate lens. An electronic controller can apply an electric potential to the switchable diffractive waveplate. Amplitudes of the electric potential can be determined from lookup tables such that diffraction efficiency at an operating wavelength and measured temperature is maximized. A communications channel can transfer the measured temperature from temperature measurement means to the electronic controller.