An optical assembly includes a lens unit capable of being moved along an optical axis of the optical assembly. The lens unit includes a lens mount for holding at least one lens. The optical assembly further includes a sleeve for receiving the lens mount. The lens mount is in sliding contact with and movable in relation to the sleeve as the lens unit is moved along the optical axis. The lens mount is formed of or comprises at its outer surface a self-lubricating material, and/or the sleeve is formed of or comprises at its inner surface a self-lubricating material.

A lens actuator includes: a lens barrel accommodating one or more lenses; and a driving unit to move the lens barrel along an optical axis direction. The driving unit includes a driving wire, at least a portion of which is extended in the optical axis direction, and a length of which is changed as voltage is applied thereto, and a driving transmission unit connected to the driving wire to move the lens barrel along the optical axis direction as the length of the driving wire is changed such that a distance by which the lens barrel is moved by the driving transmission unit is greater than an amount of change in the length of the driving wire.

A camera module comprises: a movable lens including a first movable lens movably arranged in an optical axis direction, and a second movable lens arranged under the first movable lens; a fixed lens arranged under the movable lens; a driving unit including a body unit arranged on one side of the movable lens so as to move the movable lens in the optical axis direction; and a sensing unit for detecting the position of the movable lens, wherein the sensing unit respectively comprises: an upper sensing unit arranged on an upper end portion in the optical axis direction of the body unit; and a lower sensing unit arranged on a lower end portion in the optical axis direction of the body unit.

An optical system includes a movable unit movable in a direction eccentric to an optical axis. The movable unit includes a resin layer and a lens cemented together and satisfies a predetermined condition.

A lens module includes a carrier having an internal space; a lens unit including a plurality of lens groups, and installed in the carrier to move at least one of the lens groups in a length direction of the carrier; a lens guide unit including a plurality of guide members arranged on first and second surfaces of the plurality of lens groups, to guide movement of at least two lens groups of the plurality of lens groups; and a plurality of driving wires connected to each of the plurality of guide members. The carrier includes an auxiliary guide member having an auxiliary guide hole, and disposed on at least one of the first and second surfaces of the plurality of lens group, the auxiliary guide hole being disposed parallel to a movement direction of the at least two lens groups to guide movement of the at least two lens groups.

A stereoscopic camera with fluorescence visualization is disclosed. An example stereoscopic camera includes a visible light source, a near-infrared light source, and a near-ultraviolet light source. The stereoscopic camera also includes a light filter assembly having left and right filter magazines positioned respectively along left and right optical paths and configured to selectively enable certain wavelengths of light to pass through. Each of the left and right filter magazines includes an infrared cut filter, a near-ultraviolent cut filter, and a near-infrared bandpass filter. A controller of the camera is configured to provide for a visible light mode, an indocyanine green (“ICG”) fluorescence mode, and a 5-aminolevulinic acid (“ALA”) fluorescence mode by synchronizing the activation of the light sources with the selection of the filters. A processor of the camera combines image data from the different modes to enable fluorescence emission light to be superimposed on visible light stereoscopic images.

A camera module includes a housing; a plurality of movable lens modules disposed in an internal space of the housing and configured to be movable in an optical axis direction, each of the plurality of movable lens modules comprising at least one lens; and a stopper configured to prevent contact between at least two of the plurality of movable lens modules, wherein the stopper includes a frame mounted on the housing; an extension portion extending from the frame into the internal space of the housing to face a side of one movable lens module of the plurality of movable lens modules in the optical axis direction; and a damping member disposed on the extension portion to face the side of the one movable lens module in the optical axis direction.

A lens holder driving device includes a first piezoelectric driver configured to move a first lens holder along an optical-axis direction based on the movement of a first piezoelectric element and a second piezoelectric driver configured to move a second lens holder along the optical-axis direction based on the movement of a second piezoelectric element. The first lens holder includes a portion (first left-bearing portion) near a first shaft member and a portion near a second shaft member. The first piezoelectric driver is provided in the first left-bearing portion and contacts the first shaft member. The second lens holder incudes a portion near the first shaft member and a portion (second right-bearing portion) near the second shaft member. The second piezoelectric driver is provided in the second right-bearing portion and contacts the second shaft member.

A lens apparatus is provided with movable first and second units, first and second holders for holding the first and second units, a driving unit for electrically driving the second holder, a transmission member movable relative to the second holder in the optical axis direction and transmits driving force to the second holder, a biasing member for biasing the second holder toward the first holder side relative to the transmission member, a controller for controlling the driving unit, and first and second detectors for detecting the positions of the first and second holders, wherein movable ranges of the first and second holders have interference region which interfere with each other, and controller changes a control of driving unit between the interference region where the first and the second holding members interfere each other and an interference-free region based on detection results of the first and second detectors.

A method of controlling a payload supported by a carrier on a vehicle includes displaying, on a user interface of a terminal, at least one visual selector that causes a rotation control of the payload to be turned on or off, detecting, by a sensor of the terminal, an attitude of the terminal with respect to a plurality of rotational axes of the terminal, and displaying, on the user interface of the terminal, a plurality of attitude range indicators corresponding to a plurality of rotational axes of the payload. The rotation control controls the payload to rotate with respect to at least one of the plurality of rotational axes of the payload. Each of the plurality of attitude range indicators includes a visual indicator indicating the detected attitude of the terminal with respect to a corresponding one of the plurality of rotational axes of the terminal.