The invention concerns a method of resolving a time ambiguity in a receiver based on a received radio signal. The radio signal comprises a first signal component and a second signal component. The first signal component comprises a first code of X.sub.1 code symbols, the first code having a duration of C.sub.1 units of time, wherein each of the code symbols has a duration of St units of time. Likewise, the second signal component comprises a second code of X.sub.2 code symbols, the second code having a duration of C2 units of time, wherein each of the code symbols has a duration of S.sub.2 units of time. Either, the code duration C.sub.1 of the first signal component and the code duration C.sub.2 of the second signal component are chosen such that the start or the end of the first code and the second code have a reference code phase offset of D units of time every 2 N units of time, wherein 2N is equivalent to the least common multiple of C.sub.1 and C.sub.2. Or, the code duration C.sub.1 of the first signal component and the code symbol duration S.sub.2 of the second signal component are chosen such that the start or the end of the first code and the second code symbol have a reference code phase offset of D units of time every 2N units of time, wherein 2N is equivalent to the least common multiple of C.sub.1 and S.sub.2. The method comprises acquiring each of the first and second signal components, and performing code symbol synchronization and/or code synchronization for each of the first code and the second code. The method further comprises estimating a code phase offset between the synchronized first code and the synchronized second code, or a code-symbol phase offset between the synchronized first code and the synchronized second code symbol. Finally, the method comprises resolving the time ambiguity of the receiver within a ±N units of time period based on the time-dependent code phase offset or the time-dependent code-symbol phase offset. The invention further concerns radio signal devices.

A system and method for periodically varying a center frequency for assured time transfer in order to securely transfer a signal from a source to a receiver, without adding additional encryption to signal.

A system and method for periodically varying a center frequency for assured time transfer in order to securely transfer a signal from a source to a receiver, without adding additional encryption to signal.

An antenna receiving apparatus includes, a first antenna; a second antenna that is synchronized with a frequency band different from the first antenna; a substrate that includes a receiving circuit connected to each of the first antenna and the second antenna; and a back lid that includes a conductor, wherein the conductor is in at least a portion of the back lid. The substrate includes a grounding surface of the first antenna. The substrate and the second antenna are positioned between the first antenna and the back lid. The second antenna is positioned on a side of the substrate opposite of the first antenna, and the second antenna is electrically connected to the conductor of the back lid and grounded.

An electronic watch includes a case, a hand, a dial, a drive mechanism for driving the hand, a main plate to which the drive mechanism is attached, an antenna disposed between the dial and the main plate in side view when viewed from a direction parallel to a front surface of the dial, and a printed wired board, where the antenna includes a radiation electrode having a plate shape, a ground electrode having a plate shape, and a dielectric disposed between the radiation electrode and the ground electrode in the side view, the printed wired board is conducted to the radiation electrode via a power feed member, and the radiation electrode includes a portion that protrudes closer to the outside than the main plate in plan view when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the front surface of the dial.

An electronic timepiece includes: a bezel having location markers for indicating positions of the world; a second hand moving relative to the bezel; a memory storing time difference information in which each location marker is associated with information relating to a time zone to which a position indicated by each location marker belongs; and a controller performing operation control for moving the second hand relative to the bezel, and the bezel has a set exception indication position representing non-correspondence to any time zone associated with each location marker by being in a predetermined positional relationship with the second hand, and the controller causes the second hand and the exception indication position to be in the predetermined positional relationship when there is no location marker associated with a set time zone, during display relating to the set time zone for a date and time to be displayed.

A satellite radio-controlled watch, including a receiving unit for receiving a satellite radio wave containing time information and position information; a storage unit for storing intersection point information indicating a position of an intersection point between a reference line along a great circle orthogonal to a specific great circle on the earth or a reference line along the specific great circle on the earth or a circle parallel to the great circle and a time zone boundary, and time difference division information on a wedge-shaped or belt-shaped area that is adjacent to the reference line and to which the intersection point belongs, and a time zone determination unit for determining a time zone, based on the position information, the intersection point information, and the time difference division information.

A reference time generator including a first clock source including a reference synthesizer and cesium atomic clock configured to produce a cesium reference signal and a cesium QOT metric, a second clock source including a reference synthesizer and rubidium atomic clock configured to produce a rubidium reference signal and a rubidium QOT metric, and a circuit for selecting from the clock sources one reference signal based on the best QOT metric.

A reference time generator including a first clock source including a reference synthesizer and cesium atomic clock configured to produce a cesium reference signal and a cesium QOT metric, a second clock source including a reference synthesizer and rubidium atomic clock configured to produce a rubidium reference signal and a rubidium QOT metric, and a circuit for selecting from the clock sources one reference signal based on the best QOT metric.

A time synchronization method that is capable of selecting whether synchronization, by a timepiece unit that generates a time signal synchronized with a standard time and outputs it to an exterior, with the time is performed by time information obtained by receiving a radio wave including information relating to the time, or is performed by means of a holdover performed using a clock signal from an internal or external clock source. A schedule having a first time period in which the above-mentioned time information is used, and a second time period by means of the holdover is determined according to temporal reception characteristics of the radio wave at a reception location of the radio wave, and according to the schedule, supplying the timepiece unit with the time information or supplying the timepiece unit with the clock signal from the internal or external clock source.