An Ethernet power sourcing equipment (PSE), and a method and an apparatus for power over Ethernet (PoE), where the Ethernet PSE includes a PSE chip, a master control processor, a power supplying port, and a preprocessor. The preprocessor is configured to determine whether the master control processor starts upon power-on, control the PSE chip to detect whether the power supplying port is connected to a valid powered device (PD) when the master control processor starts upon power-on, and control, according to a preset rule, the PSE chip to power on the valid PD when the power supplying port is connected to the valid PD. Hence, the Ethernet PSE has abundant management functions and can quickly power on a PD.

A control switching device including an operation input part configured to receive a switching operation as to whether to use a second control execution part configured to carry out different control over a control object than a first control execution part for controlling the control object, and a control switching part to transition to a second control mode causing the second control execution part to control the control object according to an operation indicating use of the second control execution part to stop control of the first control execution part while having the second control execution part control the control object or to have the first control execution part and the second control execution part control the control object, or to transition to a first control mode causing the first control execution part to control the control object according to an operation indicating disuse of the second control execution part.

A motor control device includes a pressure command unit calculating a pressure command for commanding pressure generated in a pressure control object, a pressure detection unit detecting the pressure generated in the pressure control object, a pressure control unit calculating a speed command for pressure control for the servo motor, based on the calculated pressure command and the detected pressure, and a servo control unit controlling speed of the servo motor, based on the calculated speed command. The pressure control unit performs an integral operation. When a direction of increasing pressure in the integral operation is defined as a positive direction in the integral operation, and a direction of decreasing the pressure is defined as a negative direction, a median between an upper limit in the positive direction and a lower limit in the negative direction in the integral operation is larger than zero.

A motor control device includes a pressure command unit calculating a pressure command for commanding pressure generated in a pressure control object, a pressure detection unit detecting the pressure generated in the pressure control object, a pressure control unit calculating a speed command for pressure control for the servo motor, based on the calculated pressure command and the detected pressure, and a servo control unit controlling speed of the servo motor, based on the calculated speed command. The pressure control unit performs an integral operation. When a direction of increasing pressure in the integral operation is defined as a positive direction in the integral operation, and a direction of decreasing the pressure is defined as a negative direction, a median between an upper limit in the positive direction and a lower limit in the negative direction in the integral operation is larger than zero.

In some examples, a method includes determining, by a controller in a system, a result of a first control loop based on a first sensed signal in a first instance and determining, by the controller, a result of a second control loop based on a second sensed signal in a second instance. The method also includes clamping, by the controller, the result of the second control loop to be equal to the result of the first control loop in the first instance and clamping, by the controller, the result of the first control loop to be equal to the result of the second control loop in the second instance. The method further includes outputting, by the controller and to a component of the system, a control signal based on the result of the first control loop.

In some examples, a method includes determining, by a controller in a system, a result of a first control loop based on a first sensed signal in a first instance and determining, by the controller, a result of a second control loop based on a second sensed signal in a second instance. The method also includes clamping, by the controller, the result of the second control loop to be equal to the result of the first control loop in the first instance and clamping, by the controller, the result of the first control loop to be equal to the result of the second control loop in the second instance. The method further includes outputting, by the controller and to a component of the system, a control signal based on the result of the first control loop.

Provided is a control apparatus including an acquisition unit configured to acquire a measurement value measured regarding control target equipment, a first control unit configured to output an operation amount of the control target equipment according to the measurement value by at least one of feedback control or feed-forward control, a second control unit configured to output an operation amount of the control target equipment according to the measurement value using a model learnt by using learning data, and a switching unit configured to perform switching between the first control unit and the second control unit by which the control target equipment is controlled.

A motor vehicle servomotor arrangement includes an electric motor with a stator, a rotor and brushes, as well as a controller with a signal input and a signal output that is connected to the electric motor. The controller is configured to transmit a control signal to the electric motor in response to an input signal supplied via the signal input by a unique function. The controller is configured to modulate the control signal in such a way that different control signals are output upon successive identical input signals within predefined input signal ranges and/or time-variant control signals are output upon identical input signals.

A motor vehicle servomotor arrangement includes an electric motor with a stator, a rotor and brushes, as well as a controller with a signal input and a signal output that is connected to the electric motor. The controller is configured to transmit a control signal to the electric motor in response to an input signal supplied via the signal input by a unique function. The controller is configured to modulate the control signal in such a way that different control signals are output upon successive identical input signals within predefined input signal ranges and/or time-variant control signals are output upon identical input signals.

A migration tool, and the use thereof, for replicating and/or migrating at least one signal, associated with at least one field device, from a pre-existing control system to an external system or new control system, comprising: at least one analog sub-assembly, capable of relaying said at least one signal wherein said at least one signal is an analog signal; at least one discrete sub-assembly capable of relaying said at least one signal wherein said at least one signal is a discrete signal; a first selector for switching said at least one signal between (i) an analog mode where said at least one signal is directed to said at least one analog sub-assembly, and (ii) a discrete mode where said at least one signal is directed to said at least one discrete sub-assembly.