Disclosed herein are related to an integrated circuit to regulate a supply voltage. In one aspect, the integrated circuit includes a metal rail including a first point, at which a first functional circuit is connected, and a second point, at which a second functional circuit is connected. In one aspect, the integrate circuit includes a voltage regulator coupled between the first point of the metal rail and the second point of the metal rail. In one aspect, the voltage regulator senses a voltage at the second point of the metal rail and adjusts a supply voltage at the first point of the metal rail, according to the sensed voltage at the second point of the metal rail.

Disclosed herein are related to an integrated circuit to regulate a supply voltage. In one aspect, the integrated circuit includes a metal rail including a first point, at which a first functional circuit is connected, and a second point, at which a second functional circuit is connected. In one aspect, the integrate circuit includes a voltage regulator coupled between the first point of the metal rail and the second point of the metal rail. In one aspect, the voltage regulator senses a voltage at the second point of the metal rail and adjusts a supply voltage at the first point of the metal rail, according to the sensed voltage at the second point of the metal rail.

A system for managing electrical loads includes a plurality of branch circuits, a sensor system, and control circuitry. The sensor system is configured to measure one or more electrical parameters corresponding to the plurality of branch circuits, and transmit one or more signals to the control circuitry. The control circuitry is configured to determine respective electrical load information in each branch circuit based on the sensor system, and control the electrical load in each branch circuit using controllable elements based on the respective electrical load information. The control circuitry transmits usage information, generates displays indicative of usage information, accesses stored or referencing information to forecast electrical load, and manages electrical load in response to identified events. The control circuitry can associate each branch circuit with reference load information, and disaggregate loads on each branch circuit based on the reference load information and on the electrical load in the branch circuit.

A system for managing electrical loads includes a plurality of branch circuits, a sensor system, and control circuitry. The sensor system is configured to measure one or more electrical parameters corresponding to the plurality of branch circuits, and transmit one or more signals to the control circuitry. The control circuitry is configured to determine respective electrical load information in each branch circuit based on the sensor system, and control the electrical load in each branch circuit using controllable elements based on the respective electrical load information. The control circuitry transmits usage information, generates displays indicative of usage information, accesses stored or referencing information to forecast electrical load, and manages electrical load in response to identified events. The control circuitry can associate each branch circuit with reference load information, and disaggregate loads on each branch circuit based on the reference load information and on the electrical load in the branch circuit.

A voltage-regulator circuit with a current-adder output node for supplying a load with a load current at a regulated output voltage includes an analog portion sensitive to the output voltage and including one or more reference-voltage sources. The analog portion applies to the current-adder node a first current that is a function of the difference between the output voltage and the reference voltage. A digital portion including an integrator is sensitive to the first current. The integrator is coupled to a current source for applying to the current-adder node a second current so that the first current and the second current supply on the current-adder output a load current at the aforesaid regulated output voltage.

A power supply protection circuit is a circuit that controls a protection switch provided on a power supply line connecting a direct current power supply and a load circuit. The power supply protection circuit includes: circuitry connected to the protection switch; and a controller that switches an operation state of the circuitry between a first state and a second state. The first state is an operation state in which driving of the protection switch is enabled when the protection switch is a first semiconductor switch having a control terminal connected to a semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type. The second state is an operation state in which driving of the protection switch is enabled when the protection switch is a second semiconductor switch having a control terminal connected to a semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type that is different from the semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type.

A semiconductor device may include a bandgap circuit that outputs a reference voltage. The semiconductor device may also include a startup circuit coupled to the bandgap circuit. The startup circuit may connect a voltage source to a node that corresponds to an output of the bandgap circuit in response to the bandgap circuit being initialized. The startup circuit may also disconnect the voltage source from the node in response to the reference voltage being greater than a threshold.

A semiconductor device may include a bandgap circuit that outputs a reference voltage. The semiconductor device may also include a startup circuit coupled to the bandgap circuit. The startup circuit may connect a voltage source to a node that corresponds to an output of the bandgap circuit in response to the bandgap circuit being initialized. The startup circuit may also disconnect the voltage source from the node in response to the reference voltage being greater than a threshold.

A switching element drive device that reduces a switching loss while suppressing noise with an inexpensive configuration, is provided. The switching element drive device includes a current sensor configured to measure a load current flowing through a load, a voltage sensor configured to measure an input voltage inputted from a power supply, and a control part configured to output a command value of a gate drive voltage to a gate drive voltage supply part, the gate drive voltage supply part being configured to supply the gate drive voltage for driving a switching element disposed between the power supply and the load, wherein the control part is further configured to determine the command value of the gate drive voltage based on the load current and the input voltage.

In one embodiment, a droop reference, comprising: a programmable low pass filter configured to filter a supply voltage; and a digital-to-analog converter configured to provide a scaled version of the filtered supply voltage.