In an example implementation, a method of submitting 3D object models to a 3D printing system includes receiving a digital object model as a triangle mesh, and integerizing floating-point X, Y, Z, coordinate values of triangle vertices that define triangles of the triangle mesh. The method includes storing the digital object model in a 3D print file as an integerized triangle mesh comprising the integerized X, Y, Z, coordinate values, and then submitting the 3D print file with the integerized triangle mesh to the 3D printing system to produce the 3D object.

A method for designing microstructures includes receiving at least one material property constraint for a design of at least one microstructure, the at least one microstructure configured to be a part of a larger macrostructure. At least one neighborhood connectivity constraint for the design of the at least one microstructure is received. One or more designs of the at least one microstructure is generated using a generative adversarial network (GAN) that is based on the at least one material property constraint and the at least one neighborhood connectivity constraint.

Estimation algorithms, methods, and systems are provided that estimate the internal temperatures inside of a part being built using powder bed fusion (PBF). Closed-loop state estimation is applied to the problem of monitoring temperature fields within parts during the PBF build process. A simplified linear time-invariant (LTI) model of PBF thermal physics with the properties of stability, controllability and observability is presented. In some aspects, an Ensemble Kalman Filter is applied to the model. Linear time-varying (LTV) systems are also contemplated.

In preparing a built-up object by depositing beads, in a step of dividing into the bead model, a trapezoidal bead model a cross section of which is a trapezoidal shape is applied to a position where the bead is formed in a portion not adjacent to an existing bead, and a parallelogram bead model a cross section of which is a parallelogram is applied to a position where the bead is formed adjacent to a bead that is already formed, in the parallelogram bead model opposite sides in the deposition direction of the bead being parallel to each other, and opposite sides in the bead arrangement direction being parallel to a side of another bead mode that is adjacent.

There are provided methods and systems for making or repairing a specified part. For example, there is provided a method for creating an optimized manufacturing process to make or repair the specified part. The method includes receiving data from a plurality of sources, the data including as-designed, as-manufactured, as-simulated, as-inspected, as-operated, and as-tested data relative to one or more parts similar to the specified part. The method includes updating, in real time, a surrogate model corresponding with a physics-based model of the specified part, wherein the surrogate model forms a digital twin of the specified part. The method includes generating a prognostic model of predicted performance of the specified part based on the surrogate model and based on one or more characteristics of at least one of an additive and a reductive manufacturing process. The method includes executing, based on the digital twin, the optimized manufacturing process to either repair or make the specified part.

An additive manufacturing path generation apparatus includes: a formation path generation unit that divides an additive manufacturing object into layers that are units of formation of the additive manufacturing object such that a formation height of a bead that forms the layers does not exceed an upper limit and generates formation paths that are paths for formation of the divided layers from layer definition information and a formation path surface, the layer definition information defining division of the additive manufacturing object into the layers, the formation path surface being a surface restricting positions of the formation paths; and a formation path correction unit that corrects the formation paths to a formation path that causes a plurality of layers to be partially formed in a collective manner while maintaining the formation height within a range between the upper limit and a lower limit.

A computer representation of a printable product part and a plan for the printable product part to be deposited using an additive manufacturing process are received. The printable product part comprises an accumulation of material deposited by the additive manufacturing process. The plan comprises a tool-path representation of the printable product part and process parameters. A plurality of as-printed shapes of the printable product part are determined after it has been deposited according to the plan. Geometric differences between any of the plurality of as-printed shapes with the computer representation of the product part are determined.

The present disclosure relates to generation of forming instructions to form one or more three-dimensional (3D) objects. Generation of the forming instructions may include selection of one or more formation variables to form at least a portion of the one or more 3D objects. Generation of the forming instructions may include selection of a speed, feature, and/or an effect manifested in at least a portion of the formed one or more 3D objects. The forming variable(s) may be associated with a patch of a model of the 3D object.

The present subject matter relates to systems and methods for designing a construction component for a building in which a biomimetic topology optimization algorithm is applied to a building design to define a structure of one or more construction component of the building. Such construction components can be fabricated using an additive manufacturing method.

A method is described in which a three-dimensional polygon mesh model of an object is analysed to identify a sub-mesh representing a predefined geometric shape. The polygon mesh model is aligned with three-dimensional scan data of an instance of the object. Based on the alignment, the position of the predefined geometric shape is identified in the three-dimensional scan data. Using the position of the predefined geometric shape, metrology data for the instance of the object is derived from the three-dimensional scan data.