An optical system uses a birefringent medium disposed within an optical cavity, receives an input beam that may be non-coherent or coherent, and produces a randomization energy from the input beam, by creating birefringent induced beam subdivisions each cavity traversal, where after a threshold number of beam traversals have occurred, a randomized energy distribution is created. That randomized energy distribution is read by a photodetector and converted into a random number by a randomization processing device.

A method for generating random numbers on multiprocessor systems and a multiprocessor system for generating true random numbers, using the method, generate truly random numbers with high entropy in a multiprocessor system with little additional effort to chip area and power dissipation. The method includes the steps of: measuring a phase error signal of a clock generator circuit of a first and a second processing unit respectively, forwarding the phase error signal of the respective clock generator circuit of the first and second processing unit to a true random network, combining the phase error signal of the clock generator circuit of the first processing unit and the phase error signal of the clock generator circuit of the second processing unit in the true random network to random bit streams, picking-up a random bit stream of the true random network, passing the respective random bit stream back to a random generator of the respective processing unit for outputting true random.

A method for generating a random number for use in a stochastic rounding operation is provided. The method includes executing an instruction that causes at least two operands to produce an intermediate result and incrementing a state of a random number generator. The method d further includes causing the random number generator to generate a random number in accordance with the state and producing a final result by utilizing the random number to determine a rounding of the intermediate result.

An instruction configured to perform a plurality of functions is executed. Based on a function code associated with the instruction having a selected value, one or more inputs of the instruction are checked to determine which one or more functions of the plurality of functions are to be performed. Based on a first input of the one or more inputs having a first value, a function of providing raw entropy is performed, in which the providing of raw entropy includes storing a number of raw random numbers. Further, based on a second input of the one or more inputs having a second value, a function of providing conditioned entropy is provided, in which the providing of conditioned entropy includes storing a number of conditioned random numbers.

A processor includes an execution unit to generate a random number. The execution unit includes entropy source circuits, correlation circuits, and an extractor circuit. The entropy source circuits include all-digital components and are to generate an initial randomized bit stream. The correlation circuits are to remove correlations from the initial randomized bit stream to yield an intermediate randomized bit stream. The extractor circuit is to select a subset of the intermediate randomized bit stream as a random output of the execution unit.

Embodiments include a random number generation entity having at least one switching cell comprising a pair of electrodes and a chalcogenide layer arranged between the pair of electrodes and a pulse generating entity coupled with the electrodes of the switching cell. The pulse generating entity is configured to provide an excitation pulse to the switching cell. The random number generation entity also includes a detection entity configured to provide a detection signal indicating whether an electrical property measured at the switching cell exceeds or falls below a threshold value due to applying the excitation pulse to the switching cell and a random number generation entity adapted to generate a random number based on the detection signal of the detection entity.

A method for generating a random number for use in a stochastic rounding operation is provided. The method includes executing an instruction that causes at least two operands to produce an intermediate result and incrementing a state of a random number generator. The method d further includes causing the random number generator to generate a random number in accordance with the state and producing a final result by utilizing the random number to determine a rounding of the intermediate result.

A device for random number generation based on an optical process of quantum nature, including a light source emitting photons randomly, a light detector adapted to absorb the randomly emitted photons and to measure a number n of photons produced by the light source in a time interval T, and a randomness extractor. The detector includes a photon sensor acting as a photon-to-electron converter, an amplifier for converting the electron signal received from the photon sensor into a voltage and amplifying the voltage signal, as well as an analog-to-digital converter for processing the amplified signal received from the amplifier by encoding the amplified signal into digital values and sending these digital values to the randomness extractor for further processing such as to produce quantum random numbers (QRNs) based on the number of photons produced by the light source in a time interval T.

A method and device for generating random numbers based on an optical process of quantum nature. According to one exemplary aspect, the method includes randomly emitting photons from a light source and absorbing the emitted photons by a photon sensor having a plurality of pixels. Furthermore, respective minimum entropy levels can be calculated for each of the pixels of the photon sensor and a randomness extractor can be associated with each of pixels based on the calculated minimum entropy level of that pixel. After this calibration, the method and device generates a number of high-entropy bits used for generating a random number.

A device for random number generation based on an optical process of quantum nature, including a light source emitting photons randomly, a light detector adapted to absorb the randomly emitted photons and to measure a number n of photons produced by the light source in a time interval T, and a randomness extractor. The detector includes a photon sensor acting as a photon-to-electron converter, an amplifier for converting the electron signal received from the photon sensor into a voltage and amplifying the voltage signal, as well as an analog-to-digital converter for processing the amplified signal received from the amplifier by encoding the amplified signal into digital values and sending these digital values to the randomness extractor for further processing such as to produce quantum random numbers (QRNs) based on the number of photons produced by the light source in a time interval T.