A point cloud data transmission method according to embodiments may comprise the steps of: encoding point cloud data; and transmitting a bitstream comprising the point cloud data. A point cloud data reception method according to embodiments may comprise the steps of: receiving a bitstream including point cloud data; and decoding the point cloud data.

At least a method and an apparatus are presented for efficiently encoding or decoding video. For example, a prediction block for a current block is obtained. A reconstructed neighboring block of the prediction block is obtained. Filtering is performed on a boundary between the prediction block and the reconstructed neighboring block. At the encoder side, the prediction residual is obtained as the difference between the filtered prediction block and the current block, and then encoded. At the decoder side, the prediction residual is added to the filtered prediction block to reconstruct the current block.

A method comprises: for each of a plurality of dimensions: identifying a reference position for the dimension, the reference position for the dimension being a position in a reference frame for the respective dimension, and the reference frame for the respective dimension and a reference frame for at least one other dimension in the plurality of dimensions being different reference frames in a plurality of reference frames; identifying an inter predictor for the respective dimension, wherein a predictor has a coordinate value in the respective dimension corresponding to a coordinate value in the respective dimension of the inter predictor for the respective dimension; and encoding or decoding the current point based on the predictor.

A method comprises: for each of a plurality of dimensions: identifying a reference position for the dimension, the reference position for the dimension being a position in a reference frame for the respective dimension, and the reference frame for the respective dimension and a reference frame for at least one other dimension in the plurality of dimensions being different reference frames in a plurality of reference frames; identifying an inter predictor for the respective dimension, wherein a predictor has a coordinate value in the respective dimension corresponding to a coordinate value in the respective dimension of the inter predictor for the respective dimension; and encoding or decoding the current point based on the predictor.

A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: generating an N-ary tree structure of three-dimensional points included in three-dimensional data, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; generating first encoded data by encoding a first branch using a first encoding process, the first branch having, as a root, a first node included in a first layer that is one of layers included in the N-ary tree structure; generating second encoded data by encoding a second branch using a second encoding process different from the first encoding process, the second branch having, as a root, a second node included in the first layer and different from the first node; and generating a bitstream including the first encoded data and the second encoded data.

A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: generating an N-ary tree structure of three-dimensional points included in three-dimensional data, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; generating first encoded data by encoding a first branch using a first encoding process, the first branch having, as a root, a first node included in a first layer that is one of layers included in the N-ary tree structure; generating second encoded data by encoding a second branch using a second encoding process different from the first encoding process, the second branch having, as a root, a second node included in the first layer and different from the first node; and generating a bitstream including the first encoded data and the second encoded data.

A method for encoding a point cloud to generate a bitstream of compressed point cloud data is provided. The point cloud’s geometry is represented by an octree-based structure with a plurality of nodes having parent-child relationships by recursively splitting a volumetric space containing the point cloud into sub-volumes each associated with a node of the octree-based structure. The method includes: determining a coding mode, wherein the coding mode includes a planar coding mode and an angular coding mode; obtaining coding context information for a present child node, entropy encoding the present child node based on the obtained coding context information to produce encoded data for the bitstream.

An example device for coding point cloud data includes a memory configured to store point cloud data; and one or more processors implemented in circuitry and configured to: determine whether inter prediction data is coded for a current node of an octree of the point cloud data; determine whether planar mask data is coded for the current node; when at least one of the inter prediction data or the planar mask data is coded for the current node, avoid coding a single occupancy value for the current node, the single occupancy value indicating whether only a single sub-node of the current node includes a point; and code the current node. The processors may also be configured to determine a context for entropy coding the planar mask data according to planar mask data for a collocated node in a reference frame when the planar mask data is coded.

A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: obtaining three-dimensional points; generating a data unit including one or more prediction trees and one or more identification information items, using the three-dimensional points; and generating a bitstream including the data unit. The data unit includes one identification information item out of the one or more identification information items subsequent to one prediction tree out of the one or more prediction trees, and the one identification information item indicates whether there is a subsequent prediction tree subsequent to the one identification information item in the data unit.

A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: performing motion compensation on a plurality of encoded point clouds; merging the plurality of encoded point clouds that have been motion compensated to generate a reference point cloud; generating an N-ary tree structure of a current point cloud, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and encoding the N-ary tree structure of the current point cloud using the reference point cloud.