A three-dimensional object formation instruction apparatus receives information pertaining to distribution of a predetermined physical quantity in a three-dimensional space, and on the basis of the received information, determines a shape of a representation body representing the physical quantity, and then, on the basis of the received information, determines a position at which the representation body representing the physical quantity is to be arranged. The three-dimensional object formation instruction apparatus generates a three-dimensional object formation instruction including an instruction to form an object having the determined shape at the determined position, and outputs the generated instruction.

A three-dimensional object formation instruction apparatus receives information pertaining to distribution of a predetermined physical quantity in a three-dimensional space, and on the basis of the received information, determines a shape of a representation body representing the physical quantity, and then, on the basis of the received information, determines a position at which the representation body representing the physical quantity is to be arranged. The three-dimensional object formation instruction apparatus generates a three-dimensional object formation instruction including an instruction to form an object having the determined shape at the determined position, and outputs the generated instruction.

The present disclosure provides a modeling apparatus having a plurality of modeling devices, each having a generally tetrahedron shape having four faces with an interface element attached to each face. Each interface element cane b removably and rotatably coupled to an interface element of an adjacent modeling device. A combination of modeling devices are selectively couplable to form a variety of structures such as molecular, architectural, artistic, dynamic, and/or any other suitable model. The interface elements can include magnets with distinct or identical polarities, and with selective strengths to emulate the target structure or assembly attributes. They can also be iron or a neutral material such as aluminum. The vertices of the modeling apparatus include a curvilinear boundary tracing a spherical periphery of a sphere having a radius extending from a center point of the tetrahedral shape to a midpoint of an edge thereof.

The present disclosure provides a modeling apparatus having a plurality of modeling devices, each having a generally tetrahedron shape having four faces with an interface element attached to each face. Each interface element cane b removably and rotatably coupled to an interface element of an adjacent modeling device. A combination of modeling devices are selectively couplable to form a variety of structures such as molecular, architectural, artistic, dynamic, and/or any other suitable model. The interface elements can include magnets with distinct or identical polarities, and with selective strengths to emulate the target structure or assembly attributes. They can also be iron or a neutral material such as aluminum. The vertices of the modeling apparatus include a curvilinear boundary tracing a spherical periphery of a sphere having a radius extending from a center point of the tetrahedral shape to a midpoint of an edge thereof.

A comprehensive protein chemistry teaching aid system including 20 different amino acid models, from which peptide chains or protein models can be constructed. The amino acid model includes first, second and third part models, any two of which are detachably connected to each other with an angle. The first part model includes a first connector and a carboxyl group model and alpha-carbon model arranged at two ends of the first connector respectively. The second part model includes an amino group model rotatably connected to the alpha-carbon model. The third part model includes an R group model rotatably connected to the alpha-carbon model. The peptide chain teaching aid is composed of a plurality of the amino acid models connected head to tail. The protein teaching aid is composed of a plurality of polypeptide chains models and folded into a specific three-dimensional structure determined by the contained amino acid sequences.

A comprehensive protein chemistry teaching aid system including 20 different amino acid models, from which peptide chains or protein models can be constructed. The amino acid model includes first, second and third part models, any two of which are detachably connected to each other with an angle. The first part model includes a first connector and a carboxyl group model and alpha-carbon model arranged at two ends of the first connector respectively. The second part model includes an amino group model rotatably connected to the alpha-carbon model. The third part model includes an R group model rotatably connected to the alpha-carbon model. The peptide chain teaching aid is composed of a plurality of the amino acid models connected head to tail. The protein teaching aid is composed of a plurality of polypeptide chains models and folded into a specific three-dimensional structure determined by the contained amino acid sequences.

A comprehensive teaching aid system for genetic science at least including a numerous (deoxy-) ribonucleotide models that can be assembled to form DNA/RNA single strands, or to form the beautiful DNA double helix structure when numerous adjacently and oppositely connected deoxynucleotide models are attached by magnets, tRNAs, and three different plates for DNA replication, mRNA transcription and protein synthesis respectively. The (deoxy-) nucleotide model includes a phosphate model, a (deoxy-) ribose model and a base model connected in sequence. Between two adjacently disposed (deoxy-) ribonucleotide models, a (deoxy-) ribose model is connected to a phosphate model in the head-to-tail fashion to form a detachable and flexible chain structure. The base model is laterally connected to the (deoxy-) ribose model, and two base models in two oppositely disposed deoxynucleotide models are flexibly and complementarily attached.

A comprehensive teaching aid system for genetic science at least including a numerous (deoxy-) ribonucleotide models that can be assembled to form DNA/RNA single strands, or to form the beautiful DNA double helix structure when numerous adjacently and oppositely connected deoxynucleotide models are attached by magnets, tRNAs, and three different plates for DNA replication, mRNA transcription and protein synthesis respectively. The (deoxy-) nucleotide model includes a phosphate model, a (deoxy-) ribose model and a base model connected in sequence. Between two adjacently disposed (deoxy-) ribonucleotide models, a (deoxy-) ribose model is connected to a phosphate model in the head-to-tail fashion to form a detachable and flexible chain structure. The base model is laterally connected to the (deoxy-) ribose model, and two base models in two oppositely disposed deoxynucleotide models are flexibly and complementarily attached.

The present invention is a magnetic hook-and-loop connecting assembly for an ionic disc bonding model, which allow ionic components with positive or negative charges to be strongly attracted to each other, lock together firmly but softly, and yet still be easily taken apart. The core components of the invention are strong magnets (e.g. neodymium or equivalent) and hook-and-loop (Velcro® or equivalent) connectors, which, generally speaking, are configured as follows: a strong magnet embedded into the disc representing the positive, cationic charge has half of the hook-and-loop system attached to it or attached to an intermediate component adjacent to the magnet. The negative, anionic charge has the strong magnet with opposite orientation to the cationic charge and the other connecting half of the hook-and-loop system attached to the magnet or an intermediate component adjacent to the magnet. The invention can be used to strongly attract the components of the ionic disc bonding model representing anions to the components representing cations, hold them in position firmly, yet allow easy separation.

The present invention is a magnetic hook-and-loop connecting assembly for an ionic disc bonding model, which allow ionic components with positive or negative charges to be strongly attracted to each other, lock together firmly but softly, and yet still be easily taken apart. The core components of the invention are strong magnets (e.g. neodymium or equivalent) and hook-and-loop (Velcro® or equivalent) connectors, which, generally speaking, are configured as follows: a strong magnet embedded into the disc representing the positive, cationic charge has half of the hook-and-loop system attached to it or attached to an intermediate component adjacent to the magnet. The negative, anionic charge has the strong magnet with opposite orientation to the cationic charge and the other connecting half of the hook-and-loop system attached to the magnet or an intermediate component adjacent to the magnet. The invention can be used to strongly attract the components of the ionic disc bonding model representing anions to the components representing cations, hold them in position firmly, yet allow easy separation.