Methods for acquiring ultrasonic data from a scanner constructed for B-mode scans are disclosed. An image-acquiring system is provided. A three-dimensional target region is selected. A model of the target region comprising a plurality of target locations representing a plurality of planned locations in the target region at which ultrasonic data is to be acquired is created, and a visual representation of the model comprising a plurality of graphical elements is displayed. Ultrasonic data at each of the planned locations is acquired. A transformation of the visual representation is executed, comprising: performing a data quality test at each target location; for any target location that fails the data quality test, altering a graphical element corresponding to the failed target location to indicate failure of the data quality test at that location; and displaying a transformed visual representation comprising updated graphical elements on the visual display

An anatomical feature simulation unit is a physical device designed to help simulate an anatomical feature (e.g., a wound) on an object (e.g., a human being or human surrogate such as a medical manikin) for instructing a trainee to learn or practice treatment skills. For the trainee, the simulation looks like a real body part when viewed using an Augmented Reality (AR) system. Responsive to a change in the anatomic state of the object (e.g., bending a knee or raising of an arm) not only the spatial location and orientation of the anatomical feature stays locked on the object in the AR system, but the characteristics of the anatomical feature change based on the physiologic logic of changing said anatomical state (e.g., greater or less blood flow, opening or closing of a wound).

A virtual teaching system for a dental periapical X-ray film and a virtual periapical X-ray film acquisition method is provided. The system includes a workstation and a dental radiography machine. The dental radiography machine includes a mounting plate, a stand column, a head fixing device, a five-axis robotic arm, a bulb tube, and a seat; the stand column is disposed on the top side of the mounting plate, and the head fixing device and the seat are respectively fixed on the upper and lower portions of the stand column; and the five-axis robotic arm includes five joint modules and five connecting rods, and the two ends of the five-axis robotic arm are respectively connected to the top portion of the stand column and the bulb tube. The workstation is communicatively connected to the dental radiography machine.

A simulated training model having a force perception mechanism to identify and notify to a user when an amount of force being applied to the model exceeds a pre-determined amount. The force perception mechanism has two states that are used to identify when an amount of force being applied to the model exceeds the pre-determined amount. In a first state, one or more portions of the simulated training model are removably connected to each other; for example the body to the base and/or the post to the body. The second state corresponds to when one or more of the portions of the simulated training model become detached from each other. When the transition occurs between the first state to the second state, the surgical training model informs the user that the force being applied to one or more of the portions of the simulated training model had exceeded the pre-determined amount.

Disclosed is a method of enhancing exposure therapy including providing an exposure therapy to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve at the same time as the exposure therapy. Also disclosed is a post-traumatic stress disorder therapy method including providing an exposure event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the exposure event. Also disclosed is a phobia disorder therapy method including providing an extinction event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the exposure event. Also disclosed is an obsessive compulsive disorder therapy method including providing a therapy event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the therapy event. Also disclosed is an addiction disorder therapy method including providing a therapy event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the therapy event.

Disclosed is a method of enhancing exposure therapy including providing an exposure therapy to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve at the same time as the exposure therapy. Also disclosed is a post-traumatic stress disorder therapy method including providing an exposure event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the exposure event. Also disclosed is a phobia disorder therapy method including providing an extinction event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the exposure event. Also disclosed is an obsessive compulsive disorder therapy method including providing a therapy event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the therapy event. Also disclosed is an addiction disorder therapy method including providing a therapy event to a patient and stimulating the patient's vagus nerve during the therapy event.

This application relates to a system, apparatus, and methods for renal dialysis training the patients, providers, and caretakers without harming or injuring an actual patient. The renal dialysis may be hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or both. The system comprises at least one closed-loop apparatus with at least one of the following—artificial blood, cannulatable vascular system, heart, peritoneal membrane and cavity, vascular valves, artificial skin, and/or other artificial organs set inside a mannequin, humanoid, or any human-like machine. The artificial organ in the mannequin can be accessed through an opening in the chest, arm, abdominal cavity, thigh, groin, neck, and any combination thereof. The renal dialysis may be through catheter access, arterio-venous graft access, and peritoneal catheter access.

Dental hygiene and periodontal hand instrumentation requires alignment of the cutting surface of the instrument at a specific angle and adaptation to the tooth surface. A dental hygiene and periodontal hand instrumentation tutor provides an objective, consistent and accurate way to measure and display the actual angulation and adaptation angles of a periodontal hand instrument and assess instrument use continuously. The method includes detecting the position, orientation, motion path, pressure, angulation angle, adaptation angle, and centerline angle of a periodontal hand instrument and comparing them to ideal positions, orientations, and motion paths; and provides various forms of user feedback.

A walking training system according to this embodiment includes a harness, at least three pulling units, and a control unit configured to control the at least three pulling units in such a way that a position of the harness in a horizontal plane becomes a target position. One of the at least three pulling units is a first pulling unit configured to apply a pulling force to the harness from front of the trainee, another one of the at least three pulling units is a second pulling unit configured to apply a pulling force to the harness from rear of the trainee, and another one of the at least three pulling units is a third pulling unit configured to apply a pulling force to the harness from a direction different from the first and second pulling units.

A system and method for converting medical images of a particular patient into high resolution, 3D dynamic and interactive images interacting with medical tools including medical devices by coupling a model of tissue dynamics and tool characteristics to the patient specific imagery for simulating a medical procedure in an accurate and dynamic manner. The method includes a tool to add and/or to adjust the dynamic image of tissues and ability to draw and add geometric shapes on the dynamic image of tissues. The system imports the 3D surgery plan (craniotomy, head position, approach etc.). The surgeon establishes multiple views, rotates and interacts with the navigation image to see behind pathology and vital structures. The surgeon can make structures such as tumors, vessels and tissue transparent to improve visualization and to be able to see behind the pathology. The System can warn on proximity of tools to specific anatomical structure.