Provided are a multi-functional stratigraphic structure model testing system and testing method. The system includes a test piece testing device platform that includes a watertight fan-shaped closed cavity, a fluid-solid coupling loading system, and an anti-arc reaction frame system. A coupling loading system region consist of hydraulic (liquid) loading and multi-directional solid-skeleton loading onto a pore or crack test piece, which can be independently operated or combined with each other's. The fan-shaped closed cavity is fixed through the anti-arc reaction frame system, and a fan-shaped center region is provided with an application region of underground working face. The other two flat fan sides are provided with application regions of physical and chemical improvement for surrounding rock.

Provided are a multi-functional stratigraphic structure model testing system and testing method. The system includes a test piece testing device platform that includes a watertight fan-shaped closed cavity, a fluid-solid coupling loading system, and an anti-arc reaction frame system. A coupling loading system region consist of hydraulic (liquid) loading and multi-directional solid-skeleton loading onto a pore or crack test piece, which can be independently operated or combined with each other's. The fan-shaped closed cavity is fixed through the anti-arc reaction frame system, and a fan-shaped center region is provided with an application region of underground working face. The other two flat fan sides are provided with application regions of physical and chemical improvement for surrounding rock.

Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method for annotating an augmented reality display. An indication that a user is present at a digital stop in a geographical region is received by an augmented reality (AR) device. 3D annotation information associated with a 3D location of the AR device in a 3D reconstructed map of the real world is received. A virtual reality display that overlays, in real-time, the 3D annotation information onto real-world objects in the geographical region is provided. A location of the AR device is determined and tracked using a six degrees-of-freedom localization system. A visual view of the AR device is associated with a pre-acquired 3D point-based model. Features of real-world objects are annotated. Simultaneous localization and mapping of the AR device and the visual view are performed to annotate 3D features during movement of the AR device. Features of the real-world objects are annotated.

Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method for annotating an augmented reality display. An indication that a user is present at a digital stop in a geographical region is received by an augmented reality (AR) device. 3D annotation information associated with a 3D location of the AR device in a 3D reconstructed map of the real world is received. A virtual reality display that overlays, in real-time, the 3D annotation information onto real-world objects in the geographical region is provided. A location of the AR device is determined and tracked using a six degrees-of-freedom localization system. A visual view of the AR device is associated with a pre-acquired 3D point-based model. Features of real-world objects are annotated. Simultaneous localization and mapping of the AR device and the visual view are performed to annotate 3D features during movement of the AR device. Features of the real-world objects are annotated.

Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method for annotating an augmented reality display. An indication that a user is present at a digital stop in a geographical region is received by an augmented reality (AR) device. 3D annotation information associated with a 3D location of the AR device in a 3D reconstructed map of the real world is received. A virtual reality display that overlays, in real-time, the 3D annotation information onto real-world objects in the geographical region is provided. A location of the AR device is determined and tracked using a six degrees-of-freedom localization system. A visual view of the AR device is associated with a pre-acquired 3D point-based model. Features of real-world objects are annotated. Simultaneous localization and mapping of the AR device and the visual view are performed to annotate 3D features during movement of the AR device. Features of the real-world objects are annotated.

Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method for annotating an augmented reality display. An indication that a user is present at a digital stop in a geographical region is received by an augmented reality (AR) device. 3D annotation information associated with a 3D location of the AR device in a 3D reconstructed map of the real world is received. A virtual reality display that overlays, in real-time, the 3D annotation information onto real-world objects in the geographical region is provided. A location of the AR device is determined and tracked using a six degrees-of-freedom localization system. A visual view of the AR device is associated with a pre-acquired 3D point-based model. Features of real-world objects are annotated. Simultaneous localization and mapping of the AR device and the visual view are performed to annotate 3D features during movement of the AR device. Features of the real-world objects are annotated.

Provided are a multi-functional stratigraphic structure model testing system and testing method. The system includes a test piece testing device platform that includes a watertight fan-shaped closed cavity, a fluid-solid coupling loading system, and an anti-arc reaction frame system. A coupling loading system region consist of hydraulic (liquid) loading and multi-directional solid-skeleton loading onto a pore or crack test piece, which can be independently operated or combined with each other's. The fan-shaped closed cavity is fixed through the anti-arc reaction frame system, and a fan-shaped center region is provided with an application region of underground working face. The other two flat fan sides are provided with application regions of physical and chemical improvement for surrounding rock.

Provided are a multi-functional stratigraphic structure model testing system and testing method. The system includes a test piece testing device platform that includes a watertight fan-shaped closed cavity, a fluid-solid coupling loading system, and an anti-arc reaction frame system. A coupling loading system region consist of hydraulic (liquid) loading and multi-directional solid-skeleton loading onto a pore or crack test piece, which can be independently operated or combined with each other's. The fan-shaped closed cavity is fixed through the anti-arc reaction frame system, and a fan-shaped center region is provided with an application region of underground working face. The other two flat fan sides are provided with application regions of physical and chemical improvement for surrounding rock.

The present invention relates to a physical catchment model for a rainfall runoff experiment, characterized by being a physical catchment construction model having a structure in which a real terrain miniature is disposed at one side thereof and a developed terrain miniature is disposed at the adjacent other side thereof. According to the present invention, the rainfall runoff experiment is performed by collecting rainwater flowing out downwardly from the terrain miniatures through the application of artificial rainfall to the physical catchment model for the rainfall runoff experiment so as to easily compare and measure a change in the amount of rainwater flowing out for a predetermined time during rainfall in an undeveloped real terrain and a developed terrain, thereby enabling easy establishment of a national land use and development plan in the development planning stage for utilization of national land so that natural disasters caused by the rainfall runoff of land planned to be developed can be prevented in advance.

A sandbox test system and method for a karst aquifer based on tracer-hydraulic tomography inversion, including a visual sandbox apparatus, a karst conduit, a water flow control apparatus, a horizontal well, a data acquisition apparatus, and a data processing apparatus. The visual sandbox apparatus forms a sand layer packing space. The karst conduit is buried in a sand layer. The water flow control apparatus is a constant water head storage tank. A back plate is provided with a horizontal well mounting hole and tracer adding hole. The horizontal well is mounted in each horizontal well mounting hole. A monitoring well is connected to a seepage pressure sensor or an electrical conductivity sensor. A water injection and pumping well is connected to a peristaltic pump. The electrical conductivity sensor, seepage pressure sensor, and peristaltic pump connect to the data acquisition apparatus. The data acquisition apparatus connects to the data processing apparatus.