A nuclear fusion reactor includes a geodesic-shaped reaction chamber having at least j planar faces, where j equals 2, 6, 8, 12 or 20 and j conical plasma injectors (CPIs) for creating circular rings of neutral plasma. Each CPI includes a conical inner cathode electrode disposed coaxially within a hollow conical outer anode electrode, the space between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode forming a converging conical plasma channel for creating circular rings of neutral plasma, the converging conical plasma channel accelerating the plasma fuel into a converging plasma ring that comes to a focus at the center of the reaction chamber. The angle between axes of adjacent CPIs defines a CPI face angle, the angle defined by the converging conical plasma channel at its apex defining a CPI convergence angle, wherein the CPI convergence angle is approximately half the CPI face angle.

Nuclear fusion processes with enhanced rates may be realized by providing energetic electrons in an environment containing a suitable fuel gas, a liquid fuel source, a solid fuel source, a plasma fuel source, or any combination thereof. The fuel source may be deuterium, tritium, a combination thereof, or any fuel source capable of creating deeply screened and/or neutral nuclei when exposed to energetic electrons. Under proper conditions, at least some of the deeply screened and/or neutral nuclei fuse with other nuclei. Neutral versions of deuteron and/or triton nuclei may be created by bringing neutrons with certain energy levels (e.g., around 3 MeV, but optionally less or much less than 3 MeV) into interaction with other neutrons, forming neutral versions of deuterons and/or tritons. Such processes may be used for power generation, heat production, nuclear waste remediation, material creation, and/or medical isotope production, for example.

A nuclear reaction generator includes a chamber configured to contain a gas and including a target. The nuclear reaction generator also includes a filament provided inside the chamber and a voltage source configured to apply a first positive voltage to the filament relative to the chamber. The first positive voltage is configured to heat the filament to a temperature at which thermionic emission occurs and a plurality of thermions are generated, and the plurality of thermions is configured to ionize the gas to generate positive ions in the chamber. The target is configured such that nuclear reactions occur when the positive ions interact with the target.

Systems and methods utilizing successive, axially symmetric acceleration and adiabatic compression stages to heat and accelerate two compact tori towards each other and ultimately collide and compress the compact tori within a central chamber. Alternatively, systems and methods utilizing successive, axially asymmetric acceleration and adiabatic compression stages to heat and accelerate a first compact toroid towards and position within a central chamber and to heat and accelerate a second compact toroid towards the central chamber and ultimately collide and merge the first and second compact toroids and compress the compact merge tori within the central chamber.

Systems and methods utilizing successive, axially symmetric acceleration and adiabatic compression stages to heat and accelerate two compact tori towards each other and ultimately collide and compress the compact tori within a central chamber. Alternatively, systems and methods utilizing successive, axially asymmetric acceleration and adiabatic compression stages to heat and accelerate a first compact toroid towards and position within a central chamber and to heat and accelerate a second compact toroid towards the central chamber and ultimately collide and merge the first and second compact toroids and compress the compact merge tori within the central chamber.

Articles of manufacture, machines, processes for using the articles and machines, processes for making the articles and machines, and products produced by the process of making, along with necessary intermediates, directed to direct nuclear power conversion.

Described herein is a method of producing energy by proton-boron nuclear fusion, comprising non-thermally igniting a boron nitride nanomaterial (nBN) target by use of a laser emitting a laser beam, wherein the nBN comprises hydrogen. Also described herein is a system for conducting non-thermal ignition proton-boron nuclear fusion, comprising a target comprising hydrogen in a boron nitride nanomaterial (nBN) matrix and a laser positioned to irradiate the target and thereby initiate a nuclear fusion reaction.

The engine includes a chamber having an intake and an output for a fluid; a first enclosure configured to contain a source material; a system for at least partially ionizing the source material; and an ion accelerator configured to accelerate the ionized source material towards the chamber so as to cause the fusion of atomic nuclei of the ionized source material with atomic nuclei of the fluid.

Systems and methods that facilitate the transmutation of long-lived radioactive transuranic waste into short-live radioactive nuclides or stable nuclides using an electrostatic accelerator particle beam to generate neutrons.

A computer implemented method for optimizing energy transfer and conversion in quantum systems and conversion in quantum systems including providing a database of input variables, modeling an intial crystal structure of the lattice sample at a first set of environmental parameters, adding a dopant and determining a new equilibrium state of the lattice sample at a second set of environmental parameters, estimating state transition rates in the absence of any strong coupling to a second quantum system, determining presence of any coupling and coupling strength to the second quantum system, providing coherent stimulation of the lattice sample, determining presence of coupling and enhancement of coupling strength after coherent stimulation, determining energy transfer and conversion dynamics as a result of coherent stimulation and the enhanced coupling and determining output variable of the energy transfer and conversion dynamics between the first quantum system and the second quantum system in the lattice sample via a computing engine.