A target device for a neutron generating device, an accelerator-excited neutron generating device, and a beam coupling method thereof are disclosed. The target device comprises a plurality of solid particles serving as a target body; and a target body reaction chamber for accommodating the solid particles. With the accelerator-excited neutron generating device and the beam coupling method according to the present invention, the solid particles which are being circulated and situated outside the target body reaction chamber are processed, thereby overcoming defects in the prior art such as low-efficiency heat exchange, a short life time, a bad stability and a narrow application range, and achieving the advantages of high-efficiency heat exchange, a long life time, a good stability and a wide application range.

A system for manufacturing radionuclide generators includes an enclosure defining a radioactive environment. The enclosure includes radiation shielding to prevent radiation within the radioactive environment from moving to an exterior of the enclosure. The system also includes a conveyance system having a forward track and first carriages positioned on and movable along the forward track for conveying racks in a first direction. The conveyance system also includes a first walking beam mechanism magnetically coupled to the first carriages to move the first carriages. The conveyance system further includes a return track and second carriages positioned on and movable along the return track for conveying racks in a second direction opposite the first direction. The forward track and the return track form a loop.

A system for manufacturing radionuclide generators includes an enclosure defining a radioactive environment. The enclosure includes radiation shielding to prevent radiation within the radioactive environment from moving to an exterior of the enclosure. The system also includes a conveyance system having a forward track and first carriages positioned on and movable along the forward track for conveying racks in a first direction. The conveyance system also includes a first walking beam mechanism magnetically coupled to the first carriages to move the first carriages. The conveyance system further includes a return track and second carriages positioned on and movable along the return track for conveying racks in a second direction opposite the first direction. The forward track and the return track form a loop.

A system for detecting gamma radiation by neutron activation of a material includes a switchable radiation source and at least a first detector. The switchable radiation source includes a primary source assembly having an alpha particle emitter, and a target assembly in which, upon irradiation of the target assembly by alpha particles from the primary source assembly, secondary radiation comprising neutrons is produced. An alignment, proximity or exposure of the primary source assembly relative to the target assembly is adjustable to control irradiation of the target assembly by the primary source assembly and thereby selectively irradiate a material under interrogation with the secondary radiation. The first detector is configured to detect gamma radiation prompted by neutron activation of the material under interrogation.

Methods and dispensers for dispensing atomic objects are provided. An example method for dispensing atomic objects includes depositing a reaction agent and a composition comprising the atomic objects inside a crucible chamber of a crucible; and heating the composition comprising the atomic objects to an atomizing reaction temperature to cause an atomizing chemical reaction to occur. The reaction component comprises a material that is a participant in the atomizing chemical reaction, the result of the atomizing chemical reaction is elemental atomic objects, and (c) the elemental atomic object is dispensed during the atomizing chemical reaction.

Methods and dispensers for dispensing atomic objects are provided. An example method for dispensing atomic objects includes depositing a reaction agent and a composition comprising the atomic objects inside a crucible chamber of a crucible; and heating the composition comprising the atomic objects to an atomizing reaction temperature to cause an atomizing chemical reaction to occur. The reaction component comprises a material that is a participant in the atomizing chemical reaction, the result of the atomizing chemical reaction is elemental atomic objects, and (c) the elemental atomic object is dispensed during the atomizing chemical reaction.

The exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a quantum random number generation apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention including: a space-division semiconductor detector including a plurality of cells, each individually absorbing a plurality of emission particles emitted from a radioactive isotope; and a signal processor that generates a random number based on an absorption event at which the plurality of emission particles are absorbed into the plurality of cells, and thus new type of random number conversion method that combines a spatial randomness and existing temporal randomness of the emission particle can be provided, there is no restriction generated due to the dead time, the random number generation rate can be remarkably increased, and it is possible to generate of a pure random number at high speed, which is required by a computer, a network processor, or an IoT device.

A facility for producing radioisotopes, including:at least one target capable of receiving a compound to be irradiated with a beam of accelerated particles,a cyclotron for producing the beam of accelerated particles, including at least one accelerating chamber within which the beam is subjected to a radiofrequency electric field in order to be accelerated and to a magnetic field enabling the beam to cross the chamber several times by describing orbits around an axis (Z) of the cyclotron, this magnetic field being produced by at least one coil, and a facility in which the target is inside the coil when same is viewed along the axis (Z) of the cyclotron, the coil not having rotational symmetry about this axis (Z).

A facility for producing radioisotopes, including:at least one target capable of receiving a compound to be irradiated with a beam of accelerated particles,a cyclotron for producing the beam of accelerated particles, including at least one accelerating chamber within which the beam is subjected to a radiofrequency electric field in order to be accelerated and to a magnetic field enabling the beam to cross the chamber several times by describing orbits around an axis (Z) of the cyclotron, this magnetic field being produced by at least one coil, and a facility in which the target is inside the coil when same is viewed along the axis (Z) of the cyclotron, the coil not having rotational symmetry about this axis (Z).

An excitation transfer in a nuclear state is energetically induced. The excitation transfer may be induced by heating a structure to which a nuclear species is mechanically coupled. The heating may be applied as a triangular heat pulse. The heating may generate a stress effect in the structure. The stress effect may produce vibratory phonons. The excitation transfer may include up-conversion. The excitation transfer may include radioactive decay. The decay rate of a radioactive species may be increased to a rate higher than the natural half-life of the radioactive species. Energy may be harnessed from decay of the radioactive species. A decay product having industrial or medical use may be rapidly produced. The decay rate of the radioactive species may be lowered to reduce emissions for safe storage or transportation.