A system for an electro magnetic oscillator tube with enhanced isotopes is disclosed herein having at least one magnetron layer. Each layer has a first magnet, a conduction block, and a second magnet of opposite polarity. The conduction block is disposed in a plane about an emitter of isotopic particles, where an opposite electrical polarity relative to the emitter forms between the emitter and the conduction block. The conduction block has an RF port, an interaction space in its inner periphery, and a polar array of resonant cavities forming along its outer periphery, and a diamond or similar material coating the conduction block surfaces. The system also has a connection between selected groups of resonant cavities at locations of like electrical polarity, wherein the connections have conductive strapping elements within the conduction block.

A system for an electro magnetic oscillator tube with enhanced isotopes is disclosed herein having at least one magnetron layer. Each layer has a first magnet, a conduction block, and a second magnet of opposite polarity. The conduction block is disposed in a plane about an emitter of isotopic particles, where an opposite electrical polarity relative to the emitter forms between the emitter and the conduction block. The conduction block has an RF port, an interaction space in its inner periphery, and a polar array of resonant cavities forming along its outer periphery, and a diamond or similar material coating the conduction block surfaces. The system also has a connection between selected groups of resonant cavities at locations of like electrical polarity, wherein the connections have conductive strapping elements within the conduction block.

The present disclosure is directed to nuclear thermionic avalanche cell (NTAC) systems and related methods of generating energy from captured high energy photons. Huge numbers of electrons in the intra-band of atom can be liberated through bound-to-free transition when coupled with high energy photons. If a power conversion process effectively utilizes these liberated electrons in an avalanche form through a power conversion circuit, the power output will be drastically increased. The power density of a system can be multiplied by the rate of high energy photon absorption. The present disclosure describes a system and methods built with multilayers of nuclear thermionic avalanche cells for the generation of energy. The multilayer structure of NTAC devices offers effective recoverable means to capture and harness the energy of gamma photons for useful purposes such as power systems for deep space exploration.

The present disclosure is directed to nuclear thermionic avalanche cell (NTAC) systems and related methods of generating energy from captured high energy photons. Huge numbers of electrons in the intra-band of atom can be liberated through bound-to-free transition when coupled with high energy photons. If a power conversion process effectively utilizes these liberated electrons in an avalanche form through a power conversion circuit, the power output will be drastically increased. The power density of a system can be multiplied by the rate of high energy photon absorption. The present disclosure describes a system and methods built with multilayers of nuclear thermionic avalanche cells for the generation of energy. The multilayer structure of NTAC devices offers effective recoverable means to capture and harness the energy of gamma photons for useful purposes such as power systems for deep space exploration.

This invention brings three new elements to the design of a low-power RTG; 1) an RHU suspension system, 2) a module tensioning system, and 3) a flexible thermal conductor. Taken together, these three elements enable the design of a system which finds optimal balancing of shock resistance with energy conversion efficiency.

This invention brings three new elements to the design of a low-power RTG; 1) an RHU suspension system, 2) a module tensioning system, and 3) a flexible thermal conductor. Taken together, these three elements enable the design of a system which finds optimal balancing of shock resistance with energy conversion efficiency.

Various embodiments of a nuclear radiation particle power converter and method of forming such power converter are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the power converter can include first and second electrodes, a three-dimensional current collector disposed between the first and second electrodes and electrically coupled to the first electrode, and a charge carrier separator disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the three-dimensional current collector. The power converter can also include a hole conductor layer disposed on at least a portion of the charge carrier separator and electrically coupled to the second electrode, and nuclear radiation-emitting material disposed such that at least one nuclear radiation particle emitted by the nuclear radiation-emitting material is incident upon the charge carrier separator.

Various embodiments of a nuclear radiation particle power converter and method of forming such power converter are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the power converter can include first and second electrodes, a three-dimensional current collector disposed between the first and second electrodes and electrically coupled to the first electrode, and a charge carrier separator disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the three-dimensional current collector. The power converter can also include a hole conductor layer disposed on at least a portion of the charge carrier separator and electrically coupled to the second electrode, and nuclear radiation-emitting material disposed such that at least one nuclear radiation particle emitted by the nuclear radiation-emitting material is incident upon the charge carrier separator.

A power battery using the energy from a radioactive material. The arrangement uses ZnO as a semiconductor, with energy generated a metal-semiconductor junction. The ZnO is arranged in thin layers. This allows for good durability and relatively high power production.

A power battery using the energy from a radioactive material. The arrangement uses ZnO as a semiconductor, with energy generated a metal-semiconductor junction. The ZnO is arranged in thin layers. This allows for good durability and relatively high power production.