An afterglow property of cesium iodide:thallium (CsI:Tl), in which CsI is a host material and doped with thallium, is improved. It is possible to improve the afterglow property of a scintillator by doping a crystal material including CsI (cesium iodide), as a host material, and thallium (Tl), as a luminescent center, with bismuth (Bi).

Disclosed herein is a scintillator comprising a plurality of garnet compositions in a single block having the structural formula (1):

M.sup.1.sub.aM.sup.2.sub.bM.sup.3.sub.cM.sup.4.sub.dO.sub.12(1)

where O represents oxygen, M.sup.1, M.sup.2, M.sup.3, and M.sup.4 represents a first, second, third and fourth metal that are different from each other, where the sum of a+b+c+d is about 8, where a has a value of 2 to 3.5, b has a value of 0 to 5, c has a value of 0 to 5 d has a value of 0 to 1, where b and c, b and d or c and d cannot both be equal to zero simultaneously, where M.sup.1 is rare earth element including gadolinium, yttrium, lutetium, or a combination thereof, M.sup.2 is aluminum or boron, M.sup.3 is gallium and M.sup.4 is a codopant; wherein two compositions having identical structural formulas are not adjacent to each other and wherein the single block is devoid of optical interfaces between different compositions.

The present invention provides a scintillator panel which is capable of utilizing light emitted by a phosphor at a high efficiency due to particles having a high refractive index being dispersed within a scintillator layer in a favorable state, which thus allows for a marked reduction in the amount of radiation exposure to a subject or the like, and which has a high luminance. The present invention also provides a scintillator panel including a substrate, and a scintillator layer containing metal compound particles and a phosphor, wherein the phosphor is covered by the metal compound at a coverage ratio of 5% or more.

Direct synthesis methods are generally provided that include reacting Na.sub.2(WO.sub.4).Math.2H.sub.2O (and/or Na.sub.2(GeO.sub.4).Math.2H.sub.2O) with NaF in an inert atmosphere at a reaction tion temperature of about 950 C. to about 1400 C., along with the resulting structures and compositions.

Codoped sodium-doped cesium iodide scintillators are described. The codoping can alter one or more optical and/or scintillation property of the scintillator material. For example, the codoping can increase scintillation light yield and/or decrease scintillation decay time. Radiation detectors comprising the scintillators, methods of detecting high energy radiation using the radiation detectors, and methods of altering one or more scintillation and/or optical properties of a cesium iodide scintillator are also described.

The present invention relates to a method for forming an optical waveguide sensor for detecting ions containing radioactive isotopes in an aqueous solution. The method comprising the steps of treating a substrate surface by cleaning the substrate surface with one or more solvents for enabling coating of the treated surface with a crosslinking agent, the substrate being selected from a group comprising a silica or a silicon substrate, coating the treated substrate surface with the crosslinking agent selected from a group comprising carboxylic acid functional group containing organic molecules for forming a crosslinked substrate surface, coating the crosslinked substrate surface with a scintillating agent for forming a substrate surface containing scintillating agent, and coating the substrate surface containing scintillating agent with a ligand capable of reacting with a radioactive isotope in an aqueous solution for forming a functionalized substrate surface, thereby forming the optical waveguide sensor comprising a layer of the ligand and the scintillating agent. The present invention also relates to the optical waveguide sensor for detecting radioactive isotopes fabricated with the method of the present invention.

A radiographic flat panel detector includes a layer configuration in the order given: a) a radiation transparent substrate; and b) a scintillator layer applied by means of vapour deposition on the radiation transparent substrate; and c) an imaging array between the scintillator layer and a second substrate, characterised in that the radiation transparent substrate has on a side a layer including magnetizable particles and a method for producing the radiographic flat panel detector.

The present invention provides a scintillator panel which is provided with a narrow-width barrier rib with high accuracy in a large area, and also has high luminous efficiency and realizes clear image quality. The present invention provides a scintillator panel including a sheet-like substrate, a barrier rib provided on the substrate, and a scintillator layer made of a phosphor filled in cells divided by the barrier rib, wherein a reflecting layer is formed on only one side of the barrier rib.

A fluorescent material having a composition formula represented as (Gd.sub.1---L.sub.Ce.sub.Tb.sub.).sub.3+a(Al.sub.1-u-vGa.sub.uSc.sub.v).sub.5-bO.sub.12 (L is at least one element selected from Y and Lu), satisfying the following ranges: 0a0.1, 0b0.1, 00.3, 0.00030.005, 0.020.2, 0.27u0.75, and 0v0.02. Preferably, 0<a0.07, 0<b0.07, 0<0.15, 0.00030.004, 0.030.15, 0.35u0.70, and 0v0.02.

An object of the invention is to provide a scintillator panel which exhibits excellent cuttability and can be cut without the occurrence of problems such as the separation of a scintillator layer and which can give radiographic images such as X-ray images with excellent sensitivity and sharpness. The scintillator panel of the invention includes a reflective layer and a scintillator layer formed by deposition on a support, and the reflective layer includes light-scattering particles and a specific binder resin and has a specific thickness.