A technique is disclosed for electro-optically inducing a force to fabricated samples and/or devices with laser light. The technique uses the interaction of the oscillating electric field of the laser beam in opposition with the electric field produced by an appropriate electric charge carrier to achieve a net repulsive (or attractive) force on the component holding the electric charge. In one embodiment, force is achieved when the field near the charge carrier is modulated at a subharmonic of the electric field oscillation frequency of the laser and the relative phases of the light field and electric charge carrier field are controlled to provide optimal repulsion/attraction. The effect is scalable by applying the technique to an array of charge carrier fields sequentially as well as using higher power lasers and higher carrier field voltages.

In various embodiments, a beam-parameter adjustment system and focusing system alters a spatial power distribution of a radiation beam, via thermo-optic effects, before the beam is coupled into an optical fiber or delivered to a workpiece.

In various embodiments, a beam-parameter adjustment system and focusing system alters a spatial power distribution of a radiation beam, via thermo-optic effects, before the beam is coupled into an optical fiber or delivered to a workpiece.

An irradiation control device which controls irradiation of charged particles to a target that includes a substance that generates neutrons by being irradiated with a charged particle beam, includes: a deflector that deflects the charged particles; and a controller that controls the deflector such that a plurality of peaks of heat density formed by the beam are formed between a center of an irradiation surface of the target and an end portion of the irradiation surface by moving the beam of the charged particles on the irradiation surface.

An irradiation control device which controls irradiation of charged particles to a target that includes a substance that generates neutrons by being irradiated with a charged particle beam, includes: a deflector that deflects the charged particles; and a controller that controls the deflector such that a plurality of peaks of heat density formed by the beam are formed between a center of an irradiation surface of the target and an end portion of the irradiation surface by moving the beam of the charged particles on the irradiation surface.

An X-ray generation apparatus includes an electron gun configured to emit an electron beam, a rotary anode unit having a target generating an X-ray by receiving the electron beam and configured to rotate the target, a magnetic lens having a coil configured to generate a magnetic force acting on the electron beam between the electron gun and the target, and a wall portion disposed between the target and the coil so as to face the target. The wall portion is formed with an electron passage hole through which the electron beam passes and a flow path configured to allow a coolant to flow.

An X-ray generation apparatus includes an electron gun configured to emit an electron beam, a rotary anode unit having a target generating an X-ray by receiving the electron beam and configured to rotate the target, a magnetic lens having a coil configured to generate a magnetic force acting on the electron beam between the electron gun and the target, and a wall portion disposed between the target and the coil so as to face the target. The wall portion is formed with an electron passage hole through which the electron beam passes and a flow path configured to allow a coolant to flow.

A carbon allotrope composite field effect artificial aurora generating device includes an extremely low frequency power supply cabinet, a carbon allotrope composite field effect device and a cuboid-shaped water tank. The carbon allotrope composite field effect device is formed by alternately and in parallel superimposing, in a form of parallel capacitors, a plurality of planar electrode plates made of a foamed nickel deposited with a carbon allotrope composite and a plurality of planar separators made of an insulating material. A first output wire of the extremely low frequency power supply cabinet is connected to odd-numbered planar electrode plates of the plurality of planar electrode plates through a first conductive rod, and a second output wire of the extremely low frequency power supply cabinet is connected to even-numbered planar electrode plates of the plurality of planar electrode plates through a second conductive rod.

A carbon allotrope composite field effect artificial aurora generating device includes an extremely low frequency power supply cabinet, a carbon allotrope composite field effect device and a cuboid-shaped water tank. The carbon allotrope composite field effect device is formed by alternately and in parallel superimposing, in a form of parallel capacitors, a plurality of planar electrode plates made of a foamed nickel deposited with a carbon allotrope composite and a plurality of planar separators made of an insulating material. A first output wire of the extremely low frequency power supply cabinet is connected to odd-numbered planar electrode plates of the plurality of planar electrode plates through a first conductive rod, and a second output wire of the extremely low frequency power supply cabinet is connected to even-numbered planar electrode plates of the plurality of planar electrode plates through a second conductive rod.

A nail lamp for curing UV-curable nail gel uses light emitting diodes (LEDs) that emit ultraviolet light and are relatively lower power. The nail lamp is powered from an exterior power source, such as a wall socket, or by a rechargeable battery pack. A battery compartment of the nail lamp holds the battery pack, which is removable without disassembling the nail lamp. The nail lamp is easily transportable to different locations and can be used even when a wall socket is unavailable. A curing time of the nail lamp is user-selectable. The nail lamp can also include detection sensors to detect a person's hand or foot in a treatment chamber and automatically turn on or off the LEDs.