In a method for identifying a robot arm responsible for creating a scratch on a wafer, at least one scratch mark on a wafer is detected. A first scratch dimension of the at least one scratch mark is determined. The determined first scratch dimension is compared to a plurality of first robot arm dimensions to generate a plurality of first comparing results, wherein the first comparing results respectively correspond to a plurality of robot arms. One of the robot arms is identified based on the first comparing results.

A method for detecting an edge of an object is carried out by means of a detection device (10), which has an emission region running along a first straight line and has a receiving region which runs along a second straight line, which is arranged in parallel to the first straight line. An emission subregion (11a-p) of the emission region is selected, which extends up to a first end of the emission region. Light is emitted from the emission subregion (11a-p) and a light signal of light reflected on the object is received in the receiving region. The emission subregion (11a-p) is then shifted along the first straight line in the direction of a second end of the emission region. Emitting, receiving and shifting are repeated until the emission subregion (11a-p) extends up to the second end at the start of the shifting step. A signal course is compiled from the received light signals, and the detection of the edge from the signal course is carried out.

This invention provides a self-propelled robot that can prevent damage caused by dropping of the self-propelled robot or the like and reliably work on the entire plane.

A self-propelled robot (1) autonomously travels on a structure (SP) having a target plane (SF) and performs work on the plane of the structure. The robot includes a robot main body (2) provided with a moving means for autonomous traveling, a control unit (30) that controls movement of the robot main body (2), and a cleaning unit (10) that performs work on the target plane (SF). The control unit (30) includes an edge detection unit (31) that detects an edge of the target plane (SF), and the edge detection unit (31) includes an outer detection unit (32) located outward from the cleaning unit (10) in the traveling direction of the robot main body (2) and an inner detection unit (33) located closer to the robot main body 2) than the outer detection unit (32) in the traveling direction of the robot main body (2).

A three-dimensional camera of an automatic milking system records image data representing an outer surface of a teat of a dairy animal in three dimensions. Based on the image data, a processing unit performs a geometric analysis and calculates at least one size measure of the teat. A user interface presents output data reflecting the size-related classification of the teat.

A system for a movable structured light projector may include (1) a light projector assembly that receives a light control signal and projects structured light into a local area based on the light control signal, (2) an imaging device that receives a capture control signal and captures a reflection of the structured light from the local area based on the capture control signal, and (3) an actuator, coupled to the light projector assembly, that receives an actuator control signal and moves the light projector assembly relative to the imaging device based on the actuator control signal. Various other systems and methods are also disclosed.

Spaced-apart light spots are projected in a light pattern on a target surface lying in a target plane. A range spot is projected at a position on the target surface to find a target distance to the target surface. An image of the target surface, light pattern, and range spot is captured along an imaging axis that is perpendicular to an imager plane of an imager. A controller determines an angular relationship between the imager and target planes based on the light pattern in the captured image, determines a scale relationship between the target surface and the imager based on the position of the range spot in the captured image, displays a compensated image of the target surface that is corrected in tilt by the angular relationship and in scale by the scale relationship, and determines dimensions of the target surface based on dimensions of the displayed compensated image.

The present invention provides a multipurpose digital rapid profile projector (100), wherein the projector (100) comprises a sheet metal housing supporting a work stage (106), The work stage (106) may be fixed or moves in X, Y and Z axis. A telecentric lens (102) is a fixed or zoom magnification lens with large field of view accurately fitted and aligned in the housing. A high resolution digital camera (103) is mounted on the lens (102). The output signals from the camera (103) are fed to a computer system (104) containing vision metrology application software. The computer system (104) containing display (101) may be a touch screen or a normal monitor (101). A profile lamp house (105) projects collimated beam of light into the telecentric lens (102) axis. A surface lamp house (107) projects light onto the component reflecting into the telecentric lens (102).

A dimensioning system that analyzes a distance map for null-data pixels to provide feedback is disclosed. Null-data pixels correspond to missing range data and having too many in a distance map may lead to dimensioning errors. Providing feedback based on the number of null-data pixels helps a user understand and adapt to different dimensioning conditions, promotes accuracy, and facilitates handheld applications.

A laser scanner and a system with a laser scanner for measuring an environment. The laser scanner includes an optical distance measuring device, a support, a beam steering unit rotatably fixed to the support which rotates around a beam axis of rotation. The beam steering unit includes a mirrored surface which deflects radiation used in the optical distance measurement and an angle encoder for recording angle data. The optical distance measurement is performed by a progressive rotation of the beam steering unit about the beam axis of rotation and the continuous emission of a distance measurement radiation, the emission being made through an outlet area arranged in the direction of the mirrored surface on the support, the receiving optics for receiving radiation are arranged on the support, and wherein the outlet area has a lateral offset with respect to the optical axis of the receiving optics.

A position encoder apparatus, including a scale having a series of position features; and a readhead configured to read the series of position features via a snapshot capture process. The snapshot capture process is adaptable so as to compensate for the relative speed between the scale and readhead.