A device for measuring a quantity representative of a population (N) of cold atoms, the cold atoms being located in a cloud of cold atoms to be analyzed, the device includes a microwave source configured to generate an incident signal at a predetermined signal frequency, a microwave guide configured to propagate the incident signal and an antenna configured to emit the incident signal to the cloud of cold atoms and its environment, the antenna and the microwave guide also being able to recover an atomic reflected signal resulting from a reflection of the incident signal by the cloud and its environment, and which propagates in the waveguide in the opposite direction to the incident signal, a splitting device coupled to the microwave guide and configured to extract at least part of the atomic reflected signal, a detector configured to detect the atomic reflected signal extracted by the splitting device, the quantity representative of the population of cold atoms (N) being obtained from a detected value of the atomic reflected signal and from a detected value of a signal reflected by the environment in the absence of the cloud, called reference reflected signal.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to fabrication of large-footprint chips having integrated photonic components comprising low-loss optical waveguides. The large footprint chips require the use of multiple reticles during fabrication. Stitching adjacent reticle fields seamlessly is accomplished by overlaying into adjacent reticle fields, tapering waveguide ends, and using strategically placed alignment marks in the die.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to fabrication of large-footprint chips having integrated photonic components comprising low-loss optical waveguides. The large footprint chips require the use of multiple reticles during fabrication. Stitching adjacent reticle fields seamlessly is accomplished by overlaying into adjacent reticle fields, tapering waveguide ends, and using strategically placed alignment marks in the die.

Improvements to optical power regulation in a gyroscopic system are described. The system can include an optical assembly (e.g., optical bench) which couples opposing optical signals to a resonator coil. The system can monitor the power of the optical signals through the resonator coil by including signal extraction optics in the optical assembly which are configured to extract a portion of the optical signals. The portions can be extracted via a single beamsplitter, wherein the beamsplitter reflects the portions at a single common surface, and can also reflect the portions to a respective photodetector in free space free from intervening optical components, such as polarizers or beamsplitters. One or more processors can be coupled to the optical assembly, wherein the processor(s) are configured to adjust the power of the optical signals in response to detecting a power difference between the optical signals.

Improvements to optical power regulation in a gyroscopic system are described. The system can include an optical assembly (e.g., optical bench) which couples opposing optical signals to a resonator coil. The system can monitor the power of the optical signals through the resonator coil by including signal extraction optics in the optical assembly which are configured to extract a portion of the optical signals. The portions can be extracted via a single beamsplitter, wherein the beamsplitter reflects the portions at a single common surface, and can also reflect the portions to a respective photodetector in free space free from intervening optical components, such as polarizers or beamsplitters. One or more processors can be coupled to the optical assembly, wherein the processor(s) are configured to adjust the power of the optical signals in response to detecting a power difference between the optical signals.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to fabrication of large-footprint chips having integrated photonic components comprising low-loss optical waveguides. The large footprint chips require the use of multiple reticles during fabrication. Stitching adjacent reticle fields seamlessly is accomplished by overlaying into adjacent reticle fields, tapering waveguide ends, and using strategically placed alignment marks in the die.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to fabrication of large-footprint chips having integrated photonic components comprising low-loss optical waveguides. The large footprint chips require the use of multiple reticles during fabrication. Stitching adjacent reticle fields seamlessly is accomplished by overlaying into adjacent reticle fields, tapering waveguide ends, and using strategically placed alignment marks in the die.

Disclosed herein are configurations and methods to produce very low loss waveguide structures, which can be single-layer or multi-layer. These waveguide structures can be used as a sensing component of a small-footprint integrated optical gyroscope. By using pure fused silica substrates as both top and bottom cladding around a SiN waveguide core, the propagation loss can be well below 0.1 db/meter. Low-loss waveguide-based gyro coils may be patterned in the shape of a spiral (circular or rectangular or any other shape), that may be distributed among one or more of vertical planes to increase the length of the optical path while avoiding the increased loss caused by intersecting waveguides in the state-of-the-art designs. Low-loss adiabatic tapers may be used for a coil formed in a single layer where an output waveguide crosses the turns of the spiraling coil.

A device comprises thermal atomic source(s), atom interference lasers, and additional laser beam(s). The thermal atomic source(s) provide atomic beam(s). The atom interference lasers are disposed to provide interrogation laser beams that interrogate the atomic beam(s) to assist in generating atom interference. The interrogation laser beams are configured so as to enable a first speed selectivity and/or angle selectivity of a set of atoms used in the atom interference by restricting the set of atoms. The additional laser beam(s) are configured in such a way that, combined with the speed and/or the angle selectivity of the atom interference lasers, achieve a second speed selectivity and/or angle selectivity of the set of atoms that contribute to a final detected interference signal by restricting the set of atoms to a second speed-angle phase space, where the first speed-angle phase space and the second speed-angle phase space intersect to enhance signal stability.

A device comprises thermal atomic source(s), atom interference lasers, and additional laser beam(s). The thermal atomic source(s) provide atomic beam(s). The atom interference lasers are disposed to provide interrogation laser beams that interrogate the atomic beam(s) to assist in generating atom interference. The interrogation laser beams are configured so as to enable a first speed selectivity and/or angle selectivity of a set of atoms used in the atom interference by restricting the set of atoms. The additional laser beam(s) are configured in such a way that, combined with the speed and/or the angle selectivity of the atom interference lasers, achieve a second speed selectivity and/or angle selectivity of the set of atoms that contribute to a final detected interference signal by restricting the set of atoms to a second speed-angle phase space, where the first speed-angle phase space and the second speed-angle phase space intersect to enhance signal stability.