A flow-rate measuring apparatus transmits and receives a measurement signal between first and second transducers through a fluid inside a pipe, the measurement signal having a plurality of frequencies and a time length. The flow-rate measuring apparatus calculates a correlation coefficient between a reference signal corresponding to the transmitted measurement signal, and the received measurement signal. The flow-rate measuring apparatus calculates a flow rate of the fluid inside the pipe based on the measurement signal, when a peak value of the correlation coefficient is higher than a threshold. The flow-rate measuring apparatus retransmits the measurement signal with changing at least one of the frequency and the time length of the measurement signal, when the peak value of the correlation coefficient is equal to or lower than the threshold.

A fluid measurement device includes sensor elements that are arranged around a pipe in which a fluid containing a scatterer flows and include each of a light source, a light receiver, and a partition structure for shading between the light source and the light receiver, a signal processor that processes the signals obtained from the light that has been received and photoelectrically converted by the light receivers, and a calculator that calculates at least one of a flow velocity and a flow rate using the signals processed by the signal process unit. The light source and the light receiver in each of the sensor elements are arranged in proximity along the pipe axis direction of the pipe so as to have a reverse positional relationship to the light source and the light receiver in the adjacent sensor elements.

A measuring apparatus configured to measure the biological information includes a light emitter configured to emit measuring light, a light receiver including a plurality of light receiving areas that receive scattering light of the measuring light from a measured part, and a controller configured to generate the biological information based on output from the plurality of light receiving areas.

A method for determining a flow rate and/or a concentration of particles of a fluid flowing in a chamber, which includes the steps of: producing an ultrasound beam of a given frequency with a first transducer such that all fluid components traveling through an intersection region between the ultrasound beam and the chamber are insonated by the first transducer; receiving Doppler-shifted ultrasound signals generated by the fluid components in the insonated region of the chamber with a second transducer; acquiring the ultrasound signals received by the second transducer during an acquisition time; obtaining a Doppler Power Spectrum of the acquired ultrasound signals; and determining the flow rate and/or the concentration of particles of the fluid by adjustment between, on the one hand, the obtained Doppler Power Spectrum and, on the other hand, a model of the Doppler Power Spectrum.

A plunger head to measure fluid in a drug cartridge includes a transducer coupled to emit ultrasonic signals, and a power source. A controller is coupled to the transducer and the power source, and the controller includes logic that when executed by the controller causes the plunger head to perform operations. For example the plunger head may emit the ultrasonic signals along a length of the drug cartridge, when the plunger head is disposed in the drug cartridge, and receive the ultrasonic signals after the ultrasonic signals are reflected from a dispensing end of the drug cartridge. The plunger head may then determine when the ultrasonic signals received by the transducer have an absolute value of amplitude greater than a first threshold value, and associate a timestamp with the ultrasonic signals received that have the absolute value of amplitude greater than the first threshold value.

An imaging device includes a transducer that includes an array of piezoelectric elements formed on a substrate. Each piezoelectric element includes at least one membrane suspended from the substrate, at least one bottom electrode disposed on the membrane, at least one piezoelectric layer disposed on the bottom electrode, and at least one top electrode disposed on the at least one piezoelectric layer. Adjacent piezoelectric elements are configured to be isolated acoustically from each other. The device is utilized to measure flow or flow along with imaging anatomy.

A method of assessing fluid flow in a conduit, the fluid comprising hydrocarbons, the method comprising the steps of: (a) measuring optical variances resulting from at least one circumferential mode of vibration of the conduit by directing a monochromatic light source, such as from a vibrometer, onto an external surface of the conduit thereby providing a measured vibration of the conduit as a result of fluid flow in the conduit. The data normally accurately measures velocity of the conduit usually considered to be wideband noise. Accordingly, sample rates are high, such as at least 5,000 times per second. The data is then assessed, for example by using a Fourier Transform, and a pre-trained algorithm to predict fluid flow at that point in the conduit, or upstream or downstream thereof. An associated apparatus is also disclosed. Embodiments of the invention can thus provide a non-invasive method and apparatus for providing information on the nature of flow regimes in pipelines, such as subsea pipelines which can be useful to optimise production and reduce well testing and/or downtime.

A method is provided for non-invasively determining properties of a multiphase flow which flows through an electrically conductive object. Using a single set-up having a plurality of EMAT transducers, at least one property of the multiphase flow is determined by means of at least one of a plurality of measurement methods. A device is also provided for non-invasively determining properties of a multiphase flow which flows through an electrically conductive object. At least four EMAT transducers are positionable upstream along a first object cross-section at or near the object wall and at least four EMAT transducers are positionable downstream along a second object cross-section at or near the object wall.

An optical sensor device includes a substrate, a light-receiving element, a light-emitting element, a first transparent substrate, and a second transparent substrate. The substrate includes a first opening, and a second opening at a distance from the first opening. The light-receiving element is in the first opening. The light-emitting element is in the second opening, and at a distance from the light-receiving element. The first transparent substrate is placed on an upper surface of the substrate and bonded to the substrate to close the first opening and the second opening. The second transparent substrate is placed on an upper surface of the first transparent substrate.

In one embodiment, an electronic system comprises a display device to display data and processing logic coupled to the display device. The processing logic is configured to determine a duty cycle of at least one sensor for sensing flow of a product or particle through a product or particle line of an agricultural implement and to determine an amount of product or particles flowing through a line of the agricultural implement based on the duty cycle of the at least one sensor.