An optical sensor assembly is provided. The optical sensor assembly includes a circuit board, an optical sensor positioned on the circuit board, and a front cover attached to the circuit board and covering the optical sensor. The front cover includes an optical element configured to guide or condense an incident light of a predetermined wavelength onto the optical sensor. The front cover is made of polypropylene or polyethylene. The predetermined wavelength is in a range from 8 micrometers to 12 micrometers.

A system includes a first tube of a plurality of tubes, the first tube having a first end and a second end. The system further includes a light detector positioned at the second end of the first tube. The light detector is configured to detect an incoming light and determine light intensity information of the incoming light. The system further includes a material coupled to the first end of the first tube. The material is configured to change in transparency. The system further comprises a processor coupled to the light detector and the material. The processor is configured to receive the light intensity information from the light detector. The processor is further configured to determine that an intensity of the incoming light is above a threshold, and, in response to determining that the intensity is above the threshold, cause a change in transparency of the material.

Aspects of embodiments pertain to a sensing systems configured to receive scene electromagnetic (EM) radiation comprising a first wavelength (WL1) range and a second wavelength (WL2) range. The sensing system comprises at least one spectral filter configured to filter the received scene EM radiation to obtain EM radiation in the WL1 range and the WL2 ranges; and a self-adaptive electromagnetic (EM) energy attenuating structure. The self-adaptive EM energy attenuating structure may comprise material that includes nanosized particles which are configured such that high intensity EM radiation at the WL1 range incident onto a portion of the self-adaptive EM energy attenuating structure causes interband excitation of one or more electron-hole pairs, thereby enabling intraband transition in the portion of the self-adaptive EM energy attenuating structure by EM radiation in the WL2 range.

A moisture and hydrogen adsorption getter is provided. The moisture and hydrogen adsorption getter includes a silicon substrate including a concave portion and a convex portion, a silicon oxide layer conformally provided along a surface of the concave portion and a surface of the convex portion and configured to adsorb moisture, and a hydrogen adsorption pattern disposed on the silicon oxide layer. A portion of the silicon oxide layer is exposed between portions of the hydrogen adsorption pattern.

An optical sensor assembly is provided. The optical sensor assembly includes a circuit board, an optical sensor positioned on the circuit board, and a front cover attached to the circuit board and covering the optical sensor. The front cover includes an optical element configured to guide or condense an incident light of a predetermined wavelength onto the optical sensor. The front cover is made of polypropylene or polyethylene. The predetermined wavelength is in a range from 8 micrometers to 12 micrometers.

A thermal and environmental noise suppressing interface circuit which is configured to operate cold and is configured to perform biasing with suppression of noise currents from room temperature noise voltages and dc coupled rf readout of a superconducting device under test with a single coaxial cable or equivalent conductor pair. The circuit is configured to suppress the propagation of thermal and environmental noises to/from sensors operating at a different temperature from its operating and control equipment while maintaining a single input-output channel, and provides for the placement of a local grounding impedance on an intercept board.

A sterilization system consisting of a mobile emitter, a sensing subsystem and a data logging subsystem is described. The emitter has one or more UV emitting lamps or devices. The sensing system comprises at least one remote UV sensor and at least one door sensor. The door sensor comprises a safety shut off door detector and may contain an emergency stop detector and arming detector to protect people from being exposed to UV energy. The system has a remote control for starting, stopping and setting system parameters which include but are not limited to: treatment time, dosage, room size, room number, unit number, floor, facility name, operator name, operator identification number, password, default dosage values, dosage, and patient identification number. The number of treatments per unit of time can be maximized because of the use of incident light measurement.

Method, sterilization system and robotic system for improving duty cycle of Ultraviolet (UV) emitter modules disinfecting closed environment. Sterilization system includes robotic system and plurality of UV emitter modules. Robotic system receives signal corresponding to discharge of battery from one of plurality of UV emitter modules. Each of plurality of UV emitter modules includes UV light source for disinfecting closed environment. Robotic system detects location of UV emitter module amongst plurality of UV emitter modules and maneuvers to location of UV emitter module, mounts UV emitter module and maneuvers UV emitter module to charging dock for charging battery of UV emitter module. After charging, robotic system maneuvers UV emitter module to pre-defined area for disinfecting pre-defined area of closed environment. Robotic system includes battery charged through UV emitter module when UV emitter module is getting charged, or when UV emitter module mounted to robotic system includes battery that is fully charged.

A system includes a first tube of a plurality of tubes, the first tube having a first end and a second end. The system further includes a light detector positioned at the second end of the first tube. The light detector is configured to detect an incoming light and determine light intensity information of the incoming light. The system further includes a material coupled to the first end of the first tube. The material is configured to change in transparency. The system further comprises a processor coupled to the light detector and the material. The processor is configured to receive the light intensity information from the light detector. The processor is further configured to determine that an intensity of the incoming light is above a threshold, and, in response to determining that the intensity is above the threshold, cause a change in transparency of the material.

A light sensor is provided that includes an exposed light transducer for accumulating charge in proportion to light incident thereon over an integration period; and a light-to-pulse circuit in communication with the exposed light transducer, the light-to-pulse circuit operative to output a pulse having a pulse width based on the charge accumulated by the exposed light transducer. The light-to-pulse circuit may include a one shot logic circuit that contributes to generation of the pulse. The light sensor may include an input/output pad, a capacitor provided at the input/output pad for blocking static electricity, an input low pass filter provided at the input/output pad for blocking electromagnetic interference, and/or a bandgap voltage reference circuit connected to a power source having a supply voltage level in a range of about 3.3V to about 5.0V, and for generating a set of stable reference voltages throughout the supply voltage level range.