A camera includes a first lens configured to focus incoming light onto a reflective slit assembly. The reflective slit assembly comprises an elongated strip of reflective material configured to reflect some but not all of the incoming light as return light. The first lens is configured to at least partially collimate the return light from the elongated strip of reflective material. A first mirror is configured to reflect the return light from the first lens. A second mirror is configured to reflect the return light from the first mirror. An optical element is configured to separate the return light from the first mirror as a function of wavelength. A second lens is configured to focus the return light from the optical element onto a first detector. The first detector is configured to measure intensities of the return light as a function of two dimensional position on the first detector.

An on-chip interferometer and a spectrometer including the interferometer are provided. An on-chip interferometer includes a waveguide for propagation of an optical signal including an input waveguide; at least two interferometer arms having one or more slot waveguides; and an output waveguide; wherein the input waveguide is split into the at least two interferometer arms which are recombined into the output waveguide; and a control mechanism configured for controlling a relative time delay between optical signals propagating in the two interferometer arms by modifying one or more slot widths of one or more of the slot waveguides; and wherein the relative time delay is at least 1, 2, 5, or at least 10 fs or at least one optical period of the longest optical wavelength of the optical signal.

A filter and a miniature spectrum measuring device are provided. The filter includes a plurality of film structures. Each of the film structures includes an H-type structural film, an L-type structural film, and a cavity film disposed between the H-type structural film and the L-type structural film.

A system includes a first spectral modulator, a second spectral modulator, a light guide optically, a photodetector, and an electronic control device. The first spectral modulator receives sample light, and modulates the sample light according to a first spectral response pattern to produce first modulated light. The second spectral modulator receives the first modulated light from the first spectral modulator via the light guide, modulates the first modulated light according to a second spectral response pattern to produce second modulated light, and transmits the second modulated light to the photodetector. The photodetector measures an intensity of the second modulated light incident on the photodetector, and generates one or more signals corresponding to the intensity of the second modulated light. The electronic control device determines a spectral distribution of the sample light based on the one or more signals.

In a spectroscopic module, a light shielding member is disposed between a plurality of bandpass filters and a light detector. The light shielding member includes a plurality of wall portions. The plurality of wall portions are arranged along an X direction with a light passage opening interposed therebetween, each of a plurality of optical paths from the plurality of bandpass filters to a plurality of light receiving regions passing through the light passage opening. A first wall portion and a second wall portion adjacent to each other among the plurality of wall portions are in contact with the bandpass filter, the bandpass filter corresponding to the light passage opening between the first wall portion and the second wall portion. A width in a Y direction of the light passage opening is larger than a width in the Y direction of the bandpass filter.

An analyte detection apparatus includes a radiation source for irradiating a sample and a receiver to receive an optical Raman spectrum of radiation transmitted back from the sample, the spectrum including one or more parts of significance to an analyte to be detected and one or more parts not of significance to an analyte to be detected. The receiver includes different types of analysis device each arranged to receive a selected part of the spectrum. The different types of analysis device include at least one analysis device having high resolution and/or high signal to noise ratio for detecting a part of the spectrum of significance to the analyte to be detected and at least one second type of analysis device which provides lower resolution and/or lower signal-to-noise ratio, for detecting a part of the spectrum not of significance to the analyte to be detected.

In one embodiment, a method is disclosed that includes selecting a first color sample within a target area in a first image of a first object displayed by a display device; selecting a second color sample within a target area in a second image of a second object displayed in the display device; comparing the first color sample against the second color sample to determine a measure of color difference or a measure of color equivalence between the first color sample of the first object and the second color sample of the second object; and displaying the results of the comparison to a user in the display device. One or more of these functions may be performed with a processor.

Described herein is a modulation device for periodically modulating light emitted by a light source. The modulation device includes at least one enclosing tube being rotatable about a cylinder axis of the enclosing tube. The enclosing tube includes at least one aperture disposed within a cylindrical wall of the enclosing tube. The modulation device further includes at least one driving system for rotating the enclosing tube about the cylinder axis. Also described herein are a modulated illumination device and a spectrometer device.

A spectrometer device includes a Fabry-Perot interferometer unit, which comprises a first carrier substrate, wherein the first carrier substrate is arranged on a lower side of the Fabry-Perot interferometer unit and includes an optical aperture. The spectrometer includes at least one of a first substrate, which is arranged on an upper side of the Fabry-Perot interferometer unit, which faces away from the lower side, and a second substrate with the first carrier substrate arranged with the lower side on the second substrate. The spectrometer further includes a photodetector device arranged on or in the at least one of the second substrate and the first substrate. A first electrical connection region of the photodetector device and a second electrical connection region of the Fabry-Perot interferometer unit are electrically contacted from the same direction.

Aspects relate to a handheld spectroscopy scanner including an optical window configured to receive a sample and a housing having the optical window thereon. The housing further includes therein a light source and a spectral sensor including a light modulator and a detector. The scanner housing further includes a processor configured to receive a spectrum of the sample from the spectral sensor based on interaction of light produced by the light source with the sample on the optical window. The processor is further configured to produce spectral data based on the sample spectrum for input to an artificial intelligence engine to produce a result based on the spectral data. In addition, the scanner housing may include a flange holding the light source and a heat sink configured to dissipate the internal heat generated. The housing further includes a cavity forming a handle for easy operation of the handheld spectroscopy scanner.