An image generation apparatus includes: a spectroscopic filter switching a wavelength of transmitted image light depending on a change in distance between a pair of reflective films; an imaging element imaging the image light transmitted through the spectroscopic filter; and one or more processors, which switches the wavelength of the transmitted light to a plurality of wavelengths in forward scanning to narrow the distance between the reflective films and backward scanning to widen the distance between the reflective films, switches the wavelength of the transmitted light to wavelengths of red, green, and blue colors in the forward scanning and the backward scanning, synthesizing a color image by synthesizing spectroscopic images of the red, green, and blue colors obtained in the forward scanning performed once, and generating a color image by synthesizing spectroscopic images of the red, green, and blue colors obtained in the backward scanning performed once.

A spectrometer includes: a diffraction means that diffracts light being measured which has entered via an entrance unit; a main sensor that receives the light being measured which has been diffracted by the diffraction means; at least one auxiliary sensor disposed in an optical path of a luminous flux that does not reach the main sensor among luminous fluxes that have entered via the entrance unit, the auxiliary sensor receiving the luminous flux; and a correction means that corrects an output value of the main sensor on the basis of an output value of the auxiliary sensor.

A method, a system, and a non-transitory computer readable medium for accurate Raman spectroscopy. The method may include executing at least one iteration of the steps of: (i) performing, by an optical measurement system, a calibration process that comprises (a) finding a misalignment between a region of interest defined by a spatial filter, and an impinging beam of radiation that is emitted from an illuminated area of a sample, the impinging beam impinges on the spatial filter; and (b) determining a compensating path of propagation of the impinging beam that compensates the misalignment; and (ii) performing a measurement process, while the optical measurement system is configured to provide the compensating path of propagation of the impinging beam, to provide one or more Raman spectra.

Provided are an automatic analyzer and an optical measurement method for correcting a variation in the multiplication factor of a photoelectric element with high accuracy. The automatic analyzer comprises: a photoelectric element which generates electrons by light and outputs a current signal; a voltage application unit which applies a voltage to the photoelectric element; and a processing unit which corrects a variation in the multiplication factor of the photoelectric element, wherein the photoelectric element outputs a pulse signal as the current signal, and the processing unit corrects the variation in the multiplication factor on the basis of the pulse area of the pulse signal.

A method for visualizing a data set as an image on a display having an x-axis and a y-axis is described. The data set comprises a plurality of values, each value of the plurality of values being associated to a respective point in a first dimension and a respective point in a second dimension, wherein the first dimension and the second dimension are assigned to the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively. A first resolution value for the image in the direction of the x-axis, and a second resolution value for the image in the direction of the y-axis are provided, wherein the first resolution value and the second resolution value are independent from each other. Based on the first resolution value and the second resolution value, the image is calculated as a representation of the data set. Further, a data processing device and a computer-readable storage medium are described.

An endoscopic imaging system for use in a light deficient environment includes an imaging device having a tube, one or more image sensors, and a lens assembly including at least one optical elements that corresponds to the one or more image sensors. The endoscopic system includes a display for a user to visualize a scene and an image signal processing controller. The endoscopic system includes a light engine having an illumination source generating one or more pulses of electromagnetic radiation and a lumen transmitting one or more pulses of electromagnetic radiation to a distal tip of an endoscope.

A surgical visualization feedback system is disclosed. The surgical visualization feedback system comprises an emitter assembly configured to emit electromagnetic radiation toward an anatomical structure. The emitter assembly comprises a structured light emitter configured to emit a structured light pattern on a surface of the anatomical structure and a spectral light emitter configured to emit spectral light capable of penetrating the anatomical structure. The surgical visualization feedback system further comprises a waveform sensor assembly configured to detect reflected electromagnetic radiation corresponding to the emitted electromagnetic radiation and a control circuit in signal communication with the waveform sensor assembly. The control circuit is configured to receive an input corresponding to a selected surgical procedure, determine an identity of a targeted structure within the anatomical structure based on the selected surgical procedure and the reflected electromagnetic radiation, and confirm the determined identity of the targeted structure through a user input.

A spectral image capturing method using a spectral camera control device installed in aircraft, the method comprising: a) setting an exposure time of the spectral camera so that a current exposure time is determined (S2), b) determining whether or not either an amount of attitude change or an amount of position change of the spectral camera per exposure time exceeds a predetermined threshold based on a spatial resolution of the spectral camera (S4), c1) when exceeding the predetermined threshold, resetting the current exposure time to be shorter (S5), c2) when not exceeding the predetermined threshold, not resetting the current exposure time to be shorter, and d) capturing a spectral image in a snapshot mode with the spectral camera using the reset exposure time, wherein when the transmission wavelength of the liquid crystal tunable filter is switched while the aircraft is in a stationary flight, steps b) to d) are repeated.

Aspects relate to a spectral analyzer that can be used for biological sample detection. The spectral analyzer includes an optical window configured to receive a sample and a spectral sensor including a chassis having various component assembled thereon. Examples of components may include a light source, a light modulator, illumination and collection optical elements, a detector, and a processor. The spectral analyzer is configured to obtain spectral data representative of a spectrum of the sample using, for example, an artificial intelligence (AI) engine. The spectral analyzer further includes a thermal separator positioned between the light modulator and the light source.

An optical module includes a base which has a main surface and in which a mounting region and a driving region for moving the mounting region along a first direction parallel to the main surface are provided, a movable mirror which has a mirror surface having a positional relationship of intersecting the main surface and is mounted in the mounting region, a first fixed mirror which has a mirror surface having a positional relationship of intersecting the main surface and of which a position with respect to the base is fixed, and a beam splitter unit which constitutes a first interference optical system for measurement light together with the movable mirror and the first fixed mirror. The mirror surface of the movable mirror and the mirror surface of the first fixed mirror are directed to one side in the first direction.