Systems for confocal Raman spectroscopy of points of interest or regions of interest with concurrent imaging are disclosed. The imaging may be used for real time selection of points of interest or regions of interest for Raman spectroscopy and to monitor for unwanted motions of a sample while Raman spectra are acquired. Disclosed embodiments apply Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in a confocal Raman spectroscopy system. A single laser may be used as a light source for both RCM and micro-Raman spectroscopy. A Faraday optical isolator may be applied to extract RCM signals for imaging Systems as described herein have example application for ex vivo sample and in vivo skin measurement.

Systems for confocal Raman spectroscopy of points of interest or regions of interest with concurrent imaging are disclosed. The imaging may be used for real time selection of points of interest or regions of interest for Raman spectroscopy and to monitor for unwanted motions of a sample while Raman spectra are acquired. Disclosed embodiments apply Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in a confocal Raman spectroscopy system. A single laser may be used as a light source for both RCM and micro-Raman spectroscopy. A Faraday optical isolator may be applied to extract RCM signals for imaging Systems as described herein have example application for ex vivo sample and in vivo skin measurement.

A system comprising a laser 1001 for illuminating a sample S under investigation, a temperature sensor 1019 for sensing the operating temperature of the laser 1001 and generating an output which is indicative of the sensed temperature, a temperature stabilisation device 1018 for controlling the operating temperature of the laser 1001, and a controller 1012 for determining a target operating temperature or temperature range for the laser based on the output of the temperature sensor 1019 and for controlling the temperature stabilisation device 1018 to drive the operating temperature of the laser 1001 towards the target operating temperature or temperature range.

A system comprising a laser 1001 for illuminating a sample S under investigation, a temperature sensor 1019 for sensing the operating temperature of the laser 1001 and generating an output which is indicative of the sensed temperature, a temperature stabilisation device 1018 for controlling the operating temperature of the laser 1001, and a controller 1012 for determining a target operating temperature or temperature range for the laser based on the output of the temperature sensor 1019 and for controlling the temperature stabilisation device 1018 to drive the operating temperature of the laser 1001 towards the target operating temperature or temperature range.

Highly sensitive assays for pathogen detection, identification and/or analysis including, but not limited to, sensing of metabolite patterns associated with high-risk drug resistance phenotypes.

Highly sensitive assays for pathogen detection, identification and/or analysis including, but not limited to, sensing of metabolite patterns associated with high-risk drug resistance phenotypes.

Object: To provide a remote substance identification device that can identify an unidentified substance, such as a harmful substance, from a remote location. Solution: Provided are a remote substance identification device and method, the device comprising a laser device 10 that emits a laser beam to an irradiated space; a wavelength conversion device 20 that converts a wavelength of the laser beam emitted from the laser device into a plurality of different wavelengths and that emits laser beams of the different wavelengths to the irradiated space; a light collecting-detecting device 30, 40, 50 that collects and detects resonance Raman-scattered light generated from an irradiated object due to resonance Raman scattering; and a processor 60 that identifies the irradiated object on the basis of a result detected by the collecting-detecting device 30, 40, 50.

Arrangements and methods are provided for obtaining information associated with an anatomical sample. For example, at least one first electro-magnetic radiation can be provided to the anatomical sample so as to generate at least one acoustic wave in the anatomical sample. At least one second electro-magnetic radiation can be produced based on the acoustic wave. At least one portion of at least one second electro-magnetic radiation can be provided so as to determine information associated with at least one portion of the anatomical sample. In addition, the information based on data associated with the second electro-magnetic radiation can be analyzed. The first electro-magnetic radiation may include at least one first magnitude and at least one first frequency. The second electro-magnetic radiation can include at least one second magnitude and at least one second frequency. The data may relate to a first difference between the first and second magnitudes and/or a second difference between the first and second frequencies. The second difference may be approximately between −100 GHz and 100 GHz, excluding zero.

A system for visualizing melanin present in tissue can include an imaging system to record a signal based on a presence of melanin in tissue and a display device to display an image based on the signal. A first laser source can emit a Stokes pulse train and a second laser source can emit a pump pulse train. Both the first laser source and the second laser source comprise a tunable center wavelength or frequency. An energy difference between a frequency of the Stokes pulse train and a frequency of the pump pulse train is from 1750 cm.sup.−1 to 2250 cm.sup.−1. The Stokes and the pump pulse train overlap in space and time. A scanning mechanism focuses the combined Stokes pulse train and pump pulse train within the tissue and scans across the tissue. A detector detects the signal based on a presence of melanin within the tissue.

A system for visualizing melanin present in tissue can include an imaging system to record a signal based on a presence of melanin in tissue and a display device to display an image based on the signal. A first laser source can emit a Stokes pulse train and a second laser source can emit a pump pulse train. Both the first laser source and the second laser source comprise a tunable center wavelength or frequency. An energy difference between a frequency of the Stokes pulse train and a frequency of the pump pulse train is from 1750 cm.sup.−1 to 2250 cm.sup.−1. The Stokes and the pump pulse train overlap in space and time. A scanning mechanism focuses the combined Stokes pulse train and pump pulse train within the tissue and scans across the tissue. A detector detects the signal based on a presence of melanin within the tissue.