Apparatus and methods for spectral analysis of a sample are described, for example for carrying out Raman or other optical or spectroscopic analysis of samples such as pharmaceutical dosage forms, including oral solid dosage forms such as tablets or capsules. Such apparatus may comprise delivery optics arranged to direct probe light to a delivery region of the sample, collection optics arranged to collect probe light scattered from a collection region of the sample, and a spectrometer having an entrance port, the spectrometer being arranged to receive the collected probe light from the collection optics at the entrance port of the spectrometer, and to detect spectral features in the received probe light. In particular, the collection optics may comprise Koehler integration optics arranged to process the collected probe light such that the collected light from each point of the collection region is distributed across the entrance port of the spectrometer.

Apparatus and methods for spectral analysis of a sample are described, for example for carrying out Raman or other optical or spectroscopic analysis of samples such as pharmaceutical dosage forms, including oral solid dosage forms such as tablets or capsules. Such apparatus may comprise delivery optics arranged to direct probe light to a delivery region of the sample, collection optics arranged to collect probe light scattered from a collection region of the sample, and a spectrometer having an entrance port, the spectrometer being arranged to receive the collected probe light from the collection optics at the entrance port of the spectrometer, and to detect spectral features in the received probe light. In particular, the collection optics may comprise Koehler integration optics arranged to process the collected probe light such that the collected light from each point of the collection region is distributed across the entrance port of the spectrometer.

The present disclosure provides apparatuses, systems, and methods for performing particle analysis through flow cytometry at comparatively high event rates and for gathering high resolution images of particles.

The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the thermal expansion properties of a titania-containing glass body. On the basis of measured values, obtained at a certain temperature, for a physical parameter that changes depending on the titania concentration and a physical parameter that changes depending on the fictive temperature, the thermal expansion coefficient of the titania-containing silica glass body and the slope of the thermal expansion coefficient are calculated using a linear relational expression represented by a plurality of physical properties. The thermal expansion properties of the titania-containing silica glass body are evaluated on the basis of the calculated thermal expansion coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient slope.

The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the thermal expansion properties of a titania-containing glass body. On the basis of measured values, obtained at a certain temperature, for a physical parameter that changes depending on the titania concentration and a physical parameter that changes depending on the fictive temperature, the thermal expansion coefficient of the titania-containing silica glass body and the slope of the thermal expansion coefficient are calculated using a linear relational expression represented by a plurality of physical properties. The thermal expansion properties of the titania-containing silica glass body are evaluated on the basis of the calculated thermal expansion coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient slope.

A general purpose sensor architecture integrating a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate, a diffractive laser beam delivery substrate and a diffractive infrared detection substrate is provided that can be used to implement a low-cost, compact lab-on-a-chip biosensor that can meet the needs of large-scale infectious disease testing. The sensor architecture can also be used in any other application in which molecules present in the liquid, gaseous or solid phases need to be characterized reliably, cost-effectively and with minimal intervention by highly skilled personnel.

A general purpose sensor architecture integrating a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate, a diffractive laser beam delivery substrate and a diffractive infrared detection substrate is provided that can be used to implement a low-cost, compact lab-on-a-chip biosensor that can meet the needs of large-scale infectious disease testing. The sensor architecture can also be used in any other application in which molecules present in the liquid, gaseous or solid phases need to be characterized reliably, cost-effectively and with minimal intervention by highly skilled personnel.

A method for analyzing 2D material thin film and a system for analyzing 2D material thin film are disclosed. The detection method includes the following steps: capturing sample images of 2D material thin films; measuring the 2D material thin films by a Raman spectrometer; performing a visible light hyperspectral algorithm on the sample images by a processor to generate a plurality of visible light hyperspectral images; performing a training and validation procedure, performing an image feature algorithm on the visible light hyperspectral images, and establishing a thin film prediction model based on a validation; and capturing a thin-film image to be measured by the optical microscope, performing the visible light hyperspectral algorithm, and then generating a distribution result of the thin-film image to be measured according to an analysis of the thin film prediction model.

A method for analyzing 2D material thin film and a system for analyzing 2D material thin film are disclosed. The detection method includes the following steps: capturing sample images of 2D material thin films; measuring the 2D material thin films by a Raman spectrometer; performing a visible light hyperspectral algorithm on the sample images by a processor to generate a plurality of visible light hyperspectral images; performing a training and validation procedure, performing an image feature algorithm on the visible light hyperspectral images, and establishing a thin film prediction model based on a validation; and capturing a thin-film image to be measured by the optical microscope, performing the visible light hyperspectral algorithm, and then generating a distribution result of the thin-film image to be measured according to an analysis of the thin film prediction model.

Apparatuses, systems, and methods for Raman spectroscopy are described. In certain implementations, a spectrometer is provided. The spectrometer may include a plurality of optical elements, comprising an entrance aperture, a collimating element, a volume phase holographic grating, a focusing element, and a detector array. The plurality of optical elements are configured to transfer the light beam from the entrance aperture to the detector array with a high transfer efficiency over a preselected spectral band.