An image forming apparatus includes circuitry. The circuitry extracts a colorimetric area from an image formation area based on designation according to an operation by a user, the image formation area in which an image as a print target is to be formed. The circuitry calculates a color difference between a first page and a second page subsequent to the first page based on a colorimetric value in the extracted colorimetric area and to determine whether to continue printing according to the calculated color difference.

The invention relates to a system and a method for ascertaining a color recipe which produces a color product with a specified hue after an application onto a specified substrate using a specified application method. The method has the steps of: a) providing a database with a plurality of data sets, b) specifying a target application method, a target substrate, and a desired target hue by means of a user, c) searching the database using a computer program, and d) when at least one suitable database has been found in step c), displaying the information stored in the at least one data set, said information relating to the color recipe, wherein at least one of the data sets also comprises information on at least one reference hue, a reference application method, and a reference substrate. The reference hue is produced when the color recipe to which information contained in the data set relates is applied onto the reference substrate using the reference application method, and the reference application method differs from the application method to which the information contained in the data set relates and/or the reference substrate differs from the substrate to which information contained in the data set relates.

A hyperspectral imaging spectrophotometer and system, with calibration, data collection, and image processing methods designed to match human visual perception and color matching of complex colored objects.

An image forming apparatus includes circuitry. The circuitry extracts a colorimetric area from an image formation area based on designation according to an operation by a user, the image formation area in which an image as a print target is to be formed. The circuitry calculates a color difference between a first page and a second page subsequent to the first page based on a colorimetric value in the extracted colorimetric area and to determine whether to continue printing according to the calculated color difference.

First relational equations which represent characteristics of respective sample colors are obtained, and for the respective sample colors, prediction values of spectral characteristics of characteristics-acquired gradation values for a prediction target color are obtained using the first relational equations. Difference values between the prediction values and actual measurement values are obtained, and a sample color for which a minimum difference value is obtained is selected as a reference color. A second relational equation that represents characteristics of the reference color is obtained, and a prediction value of spectral characteristics of a prediction target gradation value for the prediction target color is obtained using the second relational equation.

A system and method is provided for color matching two or more electronic displays of a display system. The method includes: obtaining first and second spectral response readings for first and second electronic displays from spectral response device(s); determining first and second spectral response curves based on the first and second spectral response readings; determining first and second spectral power distributions based on the first and second spectral response readings; determining a first device-to-independent color mapping based on the first spectral response curve and the first spectral power distribution; determining a second device-to-independent color mapping based on the second spectral response curve and the second spectral power distribution; and configuring a display system having the first electronic display and the second electronic display to match colors being displayed based on using the first device-to-independent color mapping and the second device-to-independent color mapping.

A device for determining the surface topology and associated color of a structure, such as a teeth segment, includes a scanner for providing depth data for points along a two-dimensional array substantially orthogonal to the depth direction, and an image acquisition means for providing color data for each of the points of the array, while the spatial disposition of the device with respect to the structure is maintained substantially unchanged. A processor combines the color data and depth data for each point in the array, thereby providing a three-dimensional color virtual model of the surface of the structure. A corresponding method for determining the surface topology and associate color of a structure is also provided.

A hyperspectral imaging spectrophotometer and system, with calibration, data collection, and image processing methods designed to match human visual perception and color matching of complex colored objects.

A colorimetric method includes a server generating a colorimetric job including information about an instruction to perform colorimetry and a colorimetry measurement condition, the server storing the colorimetric job, the server transmitting the colorimetric job, a colorimeter receiving the colorimetric job, and the colorimeter performing colorimetry based on the colorimetric job when the colorimetric job is selected by the colorimeter.

A system generates a prediction model for makeup color matching. The system includes a data storage device and a modeling engine. The data storage device stores a plurality of color sets comprising a skin color set, a makeup color set, and a target color set. The modeling engine is coupled to the data storage device and configured to generate a prediction model and an output color set. The prediction model models generation of the target color set based on inputs from the skin color set and the makeup color set. The output color set approximates the target color set with a predictable accuracy.