An image processing apparatus includes: a reader that reads a paper sheet with a background plate serving as a background; and a hardware processor, wherein the hardware processor: obtains, from the reader, a first color value in which an image on one side of the paper sheet is read, a second color value in which a ground color of the other side of the paper sheet is read, and a third color value in which a portion corresponding to the image on the other side of the paper sheet is read; and estimates a thickness of the paper sheet on the basis of the first to third color values while referring to a predetermined table.

Apparatuses and methods for approximating a 5-angle color difference model are provided, where the 5-angle color difference model utilizes a 5-angle equation. In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus includes a storage device for storing instructions and one or more processors configured to execute the instructions. The processor(s) are configured to receive 3-angle standard and test color measurements, and enter the 3-angle standard measurement into a neural network empirical model. The neural network empirical model includes a plurality of input nodes, a plurality of hidden nodes connected to the input nodes, and a plurality of output nodes connected to the hidden nodes. The neural network empirical model is configured to output 3-angle tolerance values, and to calculate a 3-angle color difference value using the 5-angle equation for at least one of the 3 color measurement angles using the 3-angle standard and test color measurements and the 3-angle tolerance values.

A method for constructing a meshed model and a discrete chromatography of eight primary color HSB color space is provided. By a meshed digital model and a discrete algorithm of color space, the color value and the color distribution in any point, line, surface and space area in the HSB color space can be quickly obtained based on color values of eight primary colors and coordinate values of mesh points in the HSB color space, thereby (i) realizing the full color gamut discrete chromatography of the HSB color space, (ii) realizing the visualization of the full color gamut of the color space, and (iii) improving the work efficiency of color matching.

A system for conducting an assay comprises a power source (16), a controller (13) for controlling the assay and a plurality of assay units (14) operatively connected to one another such that the controller can communicate with the assay units and the system is capable of conducting the assay. An assay device comprises a substantially circular body (24) having a plurality of chambers in fluid connection such that fluid can pass between said chambers and a central hub (200) having a sample inlet (202) disposed therein for receiving a sample.

Disclosed is a method for selecting a cosmetic product, and a method for image acquisition and image processing for the selection method, including: acquiring an image of a person in a controlled lighting environment, and measuring and recording the colorimetric coordinates of the person's face; processing the image to determine an absolute value of the skin tone; correlating the absolute value with a usage color map established for each of multiple cosmetic products of a database by measuring the color of each cosmetic product under its conditions of use, and to determine a personalized color matrix; extracting, from the database, the cosmetic product(s) whose color measurement is part of the personalized color matrix; using an information medium, presenting the product(s) included in the personalized color matrix; and optionally selecting the preferred product(s) chosen by the person from those that are part of the personalized color matrix.

A device for imaging and delivering spectroscopic information comprises an objective (1), an image sensor (2) and an optical component (3) having a spectral differentiation function. The optical component having a spectral differentiation function modifies the image of a point in different ways for at least two colours, so that a form of the image of the point delivers spectroscopic information that appears directly in the image as captured by the image sensor. Such device may be used in a detection and/or surveillance system, which then possesses a lower probability of false alarm value.

In one embodiment, a method is disclosed that includes selecting a first color sample within a target area in a first image of a first object displayed by a display device; selecting a second color sample within a target area in a second image of a second object displayed in the display device; comparing the first color sample against the second color sample to determine a measure of color difference or a measure of color equivalence between the first color sample of the first object and the second color sample of the second object; and displaying the results of the comparison to a user in the display device. One or more of these functions may be performed with a processor.

Provided are systems, methods, and media for real-time alteration of underwater images. An example method includes receiving an image that is captured by a wearable electronic device of a user while submerged in water, in which the wearable electronic device of the user includes one or more display screens and one or more sensors, and in which the one or more sensors include one or more cameras that are configured to capture the image. The method includes adjusting the image based, at least in part, on one or more environmental factors of the water, in which the adjusting of the image includes adjusting colors of the image to compensate for changes in color while submerged in the water. The method includes causing the wearable electronic device to display the adjusted image to the user while submerged in water via the one or more display screens.

The method and system may be used to provide an indication of a color value for a particular siding sample and to color match a specific siding product to the color value of the siding sample. The system receives a digital image of a siding sample and a desired color value to be matched. A color query module plots this desired color value as a desired color point in a multidimensional color space together with a plurality of color reference points. Each color reference point represents the color value of an existing siding product. The system determines a distance between the desired color point and each plotted color reference point within the color space and identifies the siding product associated with the color reference point that is located the shortest distance to the desired color point within the color space.

The method and system may be used to provide an indication of a color value for a particular siding sample and to color match a specific siding product to the color value of the siding sample. The system receives a digital image of a siding sample and a desired color value to be matched. A color query module plots this desired color value as a desired color point in a multidimensional color space together with a plurality of color reference points. Each color reference point represents the color value of an existing siding product. The system determines a distance between the desired color point and each plotted color reference point within the color space and identifies the siding product associated with the color reference point that is located the shortest distance to the desired color point within the color space.