Wearable devices capable of measuring a core body temperature and other vital signs of a user in a range of situations are described herein. The wearable device is arranged to be retained within the ear canal of the ear, in order to prevent the wearable device from inadvertently removing itself from the ear. Providing an infrared thermopile at the innermost end of the ear insert ensures that the infrared thermopile is provided as close as possible to the tympanic membrane which will be used to provide an indication of the core body temperature.

A compound sensor system includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a memory that stores a module, and a processor coupled to the first sensor, the second sensor, and the memory. The first sensor is configured to detect a parameter that indicates a likelihood of having a user enter or leave a target area, and, in response, send a first command signal to the processor. The processor is configured to receive the first command signal from the first sensor and send a second command signal to the second sensor based on receiving the first command signal. The second sensor is configured to operate at a sleep mode and switch to an active mode upon receiving the second command signal, and during the active mode the second sensor is configured to determine if the user enters or leaves the target area.

A compound sensor system includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a memory that stores a module, and a processor coupled to the first sensor, the second sensor, and the memory. The first sensor is configured to detect a parameter that indicates a likelihood of having a user enter or leave a target area, and, in response, send a first command signal to the processor. The processor is configured to receive the first command signal from the first sensor and send a second command signal to the second sensor based on receiving the first command signal. The second sensor is configured to operate at a sleep mode and switch to an active mode upon receiving the second command signal, and during the active mode the second sensor is configured to determine if the user enters or leaves the target area.

Disclosed are a temperature sensor device using a thermopile, the total number n of thermocouples thereon can be increased without greatly increasing the internal resistance of the thermopile r, providing high output level and high S/N ratio, a highly sensitive radiation thermometer using the device, and production method of the device using organic material for thin films to form the thermopile. These provide a standardized inexpensive multi-layered thin film thermopile, a radiation thermometer with high sensitivity, and production method of these devices. The temperature sensor device is a device wherein a thermopile which is formed on a thin film thermally isolated from a substrate is place in a temperature sensing part, and the thin film is formed as a multi-layered thin film, a layered thermopile is formed on each layered thin film, the substrate functioning as a heat sink which is one junction of the reference temperature of the thermopile.

The present invention relates to a method and a system of automatically calibrating a radiation thermometer disposed in a polishing apparatus. This method includes: placing a heating device (61), to which a measurement body (68) is attached, below the radiation thermometer (48); and using a controller (40) of the polishing apparatus coupled to the heating device (61) to heat a temperature of the measurement body (68) to a plurality of target temperatures (Ta), to measure the temperatures of the measurement body (68) at each target temperature (Ta) with the radiation thermometer (48), to calculate temperature deviation amounts which are differences between each of the target temperatures (Ta) and temperature output values of the radiation thermometer (48) corresponding to each target temperature (Ta), and to calibrate the radiation thermometer (48) so that all the temperature deviation amounts are within a preset reference range.

The present invention relates to a method and a system of automatically calibrating a radiation thermometer disposed in a polishing apparatus. This method includes: placing a heating device (61), to which a measurement body (68) is attached, below the radiation thermometer (48); and using a controller (40) of the polishing apparatus coupled to the heating device (61) to heat a temperature of the measurement body (68) to a plurality of target temperatures (Ta), to measure the temperatures of the measurement body (68) at each target temperature (Ta) with the radiation thermometer (48), to calculate temperature deviation amounts which are differences between each of the target temperatures (Ta) and temperature output values of the radiation thermometer (48) corresponding to each target temperature (Ta), and to calibrate the radiation thermometer (48) so that all the temperature deviation amounts are within a preset reference range.

An infrared device comprises a substrate. A configuration for emitting infrared radiation is supported by the substrate. The configuration comprises an electrically conducting layer arrangement of less than 50 nm thickness between dielectric layers. In addition, a heater arranged for heating the configuration to emit the infrared radiation is supported by the substrate.

A method of determining a temperature of a subject while not in physical contact with the subject. The method includes providing an infrared sensor oriented to receive the infrared radiation emanating from a subject and to generate at least one output that corresponds to the received infrared radiation, providing a processor to process the at least one output into a computed temperature of the subject, adjusting the computer temperature based on an emissivity of the subject, the emissivity determined at least in part by a luminance value based at least in part on an image of the subject providing a memory module to store a first plurality of computed temperatures in a predetermined sequence, and selecting a first maximum from among the first plurality of computed temperatures. A display is provided to display the temperature of the subject.

A communication apparatus that includes a first antenna array having a first plurality of antenna elements, and a first plurality of thermoelectric devices that are arranged on the first plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna array such that each thermoelectric device covers a different subset of antenna elements of the first plurality of antenna elements. The communication apparatus further includes a processor that determines an operational state of the first plurality of antenna elements. The processor controls each of the first plurality of thermoelectric devices based on the determined operational state of the first plurality of antenna elements such that an adaptive cooling is applied on different subsets of antenna elements of the first plurality of antenna elements to maintain a temperature of the first plurality of antenna elements in a specified temperature range.

A communication apparatus that includes a first antenna array having a first plurality of antenna elements, and a first plurality of thermoelectric devices that are arranged on the first plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna array such that each thermoelectric device covers a different subset of antenna elements of the first plurality of antenna elements. The communication apparatus further includes a processor that determines an operational state of the first plurality of antenna elements. The processor controls each of the first plurality of thermoelectric devices based on the determined operational state of the first plurality of antenna elements such that an adaptive cooling is applied on different subsets of antenna elements of the first plurality of antenna elements to maintain a temperature of the first plurality of antenna elements in a specified temperature range.