The present invention relates to a method for generating a security identifier for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100), comprising the steps of supplying an operation voltage to the control unit (10), outputting calibration data from a non-volatile memory element (15a) of the control unit (10), and generating a security identifier from the calibration data using a security algorithm. Therein, the calibration data is based on at least one testing process performed on the control unit (10) and is required for a faultless operation of the control unit (10). Further, according to a method for generating an activation key for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100) an activation key is generated based on such security identifier and output from the control unit (10). The invention further relates to an activation method for such control unit (10), wherein a control unit (10) is activated in response to the validation of such security identifier. The present invention further relates to a control unit (10) for performing such methods and further relates to the use of calibration data for generating a security identifier.

The present invention relates to a method for generating a security identifier for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100), comprising the steps of supplying an operation voltage to the control unit (10), outputting calibration data from a non-volatile memory element (15a) of the control unit (10), and generating a security identifier from the calibration data using a security algorithm. Therein, the calibration data is based on at least one testing process performed on the control unit (10) and is required for a faultless operation of the control unit (10). Further, according to a method for generating an activation key for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100) an activation key is generated based on such security identifier and output from the control unit (10). The invention further relates to an activation method for such control unit (10), wherein a control unit (10) is activated in response to the validation of such security identifier. The present invention further relates to a control unit (10) for performing such methods and further relates to the use of calibration data for generating a security identifier.

A photodetection module includes a photodetector and a fixing member. The photodetector includes a semiconductor substrate, a mesa portion, a first contact layer, a second contact layer, and a first electrode formed in a planar shape on a major surface of the semiconductor substrate, and electrically connected to one of the first contact layer and the second contact layer. The fixing member includes an insulating substrate, and a first wiring formed in a planar shape on a major surface of the insulating substrate. A recessed portion is formed in the major surface of the insulating substrate, and at least a part of the mesa portion is disposed inside the recessed portion. The first electrode is electrically connected to the first wiring in a state where the first electrode is in surface contact with the first wiring.

Systems and methods for thermal radiation detection utilizing a thermal radiation detection system are provided. The thermal radiation detection system includes one or more Indium Antimonide (InSb)-based photodiode infrared detectors and a temperature sensing circuit. The temperature sensing circuit is configured to generate signals correlated to the temperatures of one or more of the plurality of infrared sensor elements. The thermal radiation detection system also includes a signal processing circuit.

A monitoring system is disclosed. The monitoring system comprises: a nozzle steam trap (3) including a supply portion (10) into which water vapor is supplied, and a discharge portion (11) which discharges liquid water contained in the water vapor; a temperature measurer (20) that measures a temperature of the discharge portion; a transmitter (24) that transmits temperature information containing the temperature measured by the temperature measurer; a receiver (7) that receives the temperature information; a determiner (8) that determines whether an abnormality is present in the nozzle steam trap based on the temperature information; and a notifier (9) that issues a notice when the determiner determines that the abnormality is present. A first discharge-side reference temperature lower than the boiling point of the water and a second discharge-side reference temperature higher than the boiling point of the water are set for the discharge portion. The determiner determines that the abnormality is present when the temperature of the discharge portion contained in the temperature information is lower than the first discharge-side reference temperature or higher than the second discharge-side reference temperature.

A monitoring system is disclosed. The monitoring system comprises: a nozzle steam trap (3) including a supply portion (10) into which water vapor is supplied, and a discharge portion (11) which discharges liquid water contained in the water vapor; a temperature measurer (20) that measures a temperature of the discharge portion; a transmitter (24) that transmits temperature information containing the temperature measured by the temperature measurer; a receiver (7) that receives the temperature information; a determiner (8) that determines whether an abnormality is present in the nozzle steam trap based on the temperature information; and a notifier (9) that issues a notice when the determiner determines that the abnormality is present. A first discharge-side reference temperature lower than the boiling point of the water and a second discharge-side reference temperature higher than the boiling point of the water are set for the discharge portion. The determiner determines that the abnormality is present when the temperature of the discharge portion contained in the temperature information is lower than the first discharge-side reference temperature or higher than the second discharge-side reference temperature.

A near-field probe (and associated method) compatible with near-infrared electromagnetic radiation and high temperature applications above 300° C. (or 500° C. in some applications) includes an optical waveguide and a photonic thermal emitting structure comprising a near-field thermally emissive material coupled to or part of the optical waveguide. The photonic thermal emitting structure is structured and configured to emit near-field energy responsive to at least one environmental parameter of interest, and the near-field probe is structured and configured to enable extraction of the near-field energy to a far-field by coupling the near-field energy into one or more guided modes of the optical waveguide.

The present invention relates to a method for generating a security identifier for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100), comprising the steps of supplying an operation voltage to the control unit (10), outputting calibration data from a non-volatile memory element (15a) of the control unit (10), and generating a security identifier from the calibration data using a security algorithm. Therein, the calibration data is based on at least one testing process performed on the control unit (10) and is required for a faultless operation of the control unit (10). Further, according to a method for generating an activation key for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100) an activation key is generated based on such security identifier and output from the control unit (10). The invention further relates to an activation method for such control unit (10), wherein a control unit (10) is activated in response to the validation of such security identifier. The present invention further relates to a control unit (10) for performing such methods and further relates to the use of calibration data for generating a security identifier.

The present invention relates to a method for generating a security identifier for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100), comprising the steps of supplying an operation voltage to the control unit (10), outputting calibration data from a non-volatile memory element (15a) of the control unit (10), and generating a security identifier from the calibration data using a security algorithm. Therein, the calibration data is based on at least one testing process performed on the control unit (10) and is required for a faultless operation of the control unit (10). Further, according to a method for generating an activation key for a control unit (10) of a battery system (100) an activation key is generated based on such security identifier and output from the control unit (10). The invention further relates to an activation method for such control unit (10), wherein a control unit (10) is activated in response to the validation of such security identifier. The present invention further relates to a control unit (10) for performing such methods and further relates to the use of calibration data for generating a security identifier.

Optical detectors and methods of forming them are provided. The detector includes: a controller, pump and probe laser generators that generate modulated pump laser and probe lasers, respectively, a microring cavity that receives the lasers, a microbridge, and a photodetector. The microring cavity includes covered and exposed portions. The microbridge is suspended above the exposed portion and interacts with an evanescent optical field. The wavelength and modulated power of the pump laser are controlled to generate the evanescent optical field that excites the microbridge to resonance. The microbridge absorbs optical radiation which changes the resonance frequency proportionately. The probe laser is modulated in proportion to a vibration amplitude of the microbridge to form a modulated probe laser which is provided to the photodetector. The controller receives data from the photodetector, determines a change in resonance frequency, and calculates the amount of absorbed radiation from the change in resonance frequency.