A tri-mask optical polarization diversity receiver with a single input terminal and three output terminals prevents polarization induced signal fade, and may be used in an optical interferometry system for coherent detection. The device is composed of optical collimators, non-polarizing beam splitters, linear polarizers and photodetectors. In addition, the structural design incorporates two mechanically identical modulets, as well as a beam displacement compensation mechanism for ease of alignment and assembly. Compared to fiber-based design, the free-space configuration gets rid of inevitable birefringence in fused fiber couplers which detrimentally alter the polarization state received by the polarizers. As a result, it facilitates effective and precise measurements of optical interference with optimized visibility.

A quantitative phase image generating method for a microscope, includes: irradiating an object with illumination light; disposing a focal point of an objective lens at each of a plurality of positions that are mutually separated by gaps z along an optical axis of the objective lens, and detecting light from the object; generating sets of light intensity distribution data corresponding to each of the plurality of positions based upon the detected light; and generating a quantitative phase image based upon the light intensity distribution data; wherein the gap z is set based upon setting information of the microscope.

The present disclosure provides a dispersion measurement device and method based on a Franson second-order quantum interference technology. The device includes: an energy-time entangled twin-photon source configured to generate a plurality of optical signals, where the optical signals each include a signal photon and an idle photon; a polarization splitter configured to split the signal photon and the idle photon, and enable the signal photon to pass through a to-be-measured dispersive medium, such that a correlation time processing module records, under a width of a coincidence measurement integration window, first time of the idle photon arriving at a first single-photon detector, and second time of the signal photon arriving at a second single-photon detector, and obtains a twin-photon conference time width based on the first time and the second time; and a processing module.