An acid steam cleaning apparatus for cleaning vessels using acid steam, comprising: a raw acid liquid container (1), a heater (2), a cleaning cavity (3), a double-walled tube, and a controller. The double-walled tube is installed in the cleaning cavity and has an inner tube (200) and an outer tube (300), wherein the inner tube (200) and the outer tube (300) closely contact each other; acid steam exit holes (230, 330) are provided around and/or at the upper portions of the inner tube (200) and the outer tube (300), the acid steam exit holes (230, 330) extending through the outer tube and the inner tube; the acid steam exit holes (230, 330) are in communication with the interior (220) of the inner tube (200); the interior (220) of the inner tube (200) is connected with an acid steam entry channel for forming an acid steam path; grooves (210) extending axially are provided on the outer surface of the inner tube (200); water/air entry holes (310) for water/air to enter are provided at the bottom of the outer tube (300), and water/air exit holes (320) for discharging water/air are distributed on the outer tube (300); the grooves (210) on the inner tube (200) are in communication with the water/air entry holes (310) and are in communication with the water/air exit holes (320) on the outer tube (300); the water/air entry holes (310) are connected with a water/air entry pipe for forming a water/air path. When vessels are being cleaned using acid steam, the vessels are fitted over the double-walled tube, and clean acid liquid and pure water pass through the acid steam path and the water/air path, so as to be separated from waste acid liquid, waste water, and waste air, such that the cleaning effect is improved, and the trouble of mounting and detaching components after cleaning is avoided.

A temperature sensor includes a pair of thermocouple wires, a temperature measuring junction formed by joining tip ends of the pair of thermocouple wires together, an outer tube having a tip end in which the temperature measuring junction is held, an insulator insulating the pair of thermocouple wires from the outer tube, and a glass seal filled in a base end of the outer tube. The pair of thermocouple wires disposed in the outer tube have surfaces where passive films are respectively formed due to the oxidization of the metallic materials on the surfaces of the pair of thermocouple wires.

A temperature sensor includes a pair of thermocouple wires, a temperature measuring junction formed by joining tip ends of the pair of thermocouple wires together, an outer tube having a tip end in which the temperature measuring junction is held, an insulator insulating the pair of thermocouple wires from the outer tube, and a glass seal filled in a base end of the outer tube. The pair of thermocouple wires disposed in the outer tube have surfaces where passive films are respectively formed due to the oxidization of the metallic materials on the surfaces of the pair of thermocouple wires.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a sheath closure for a dual-wall mineral insulated thermocouple cable. The new closure and methods are required to maintain the integrity of both the inner and outer sheaths or inner and outer walls of a dual-walled thermocouple design. As the inner and outer sheaths are different materials, they may require closure separately with no mixing of the sheathing materials during welding.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a sheath closure for a dual-wall mineral insulated thermocouple cable. The new closure and methods are required to maintain the integrity of both the inner and outer sheaths or inner and outer walls of a dual-walled thermocouple design. As the inner and outer sheaths are different materials, they may require closure separately with no mixing of the sheathing materials during welding.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a methodology and process of hot junction formation and sheath closure for a dual-wall mineral insulated thermocouple cable. The new methods are required to maintain the integrity of both the inner and outer sheaths or inner and outer walls of a dual-walled thermocouple design. As the inner and outer sheaths are different materials, they may require closure separately with no mixing of the sheathing materials during welding.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a methodology and process of hot junction formation and sheath closure for a dual-wall mineral insulated thermocouple cable. The new methods are required to maintain the integrity of both the inner and outer sheaths or inner and outer walls of a dual-walled thermocouple design. As the inner and outer sheaths are different materials, they may require closure separately with no mixing of the sheathing materials during welding.

To obtain a temperature sensor device having high reliability and high sensitivity without cost increase. This temperature sensor device includes: a housing provided with a temperature sensor module having a temperature detection element and an external connection terminal connected to the temperature detection element via a lead wire, which are integrated using a first formation member made from a thermoplastic resin, the temperature sensor module being covered with a second formation member made from a thermoplastic resin, so as to form a connector for connecting the external connection terminal to an external signal processing circuit; and a case into which the temperature sensor module is press-fitted and which is opposed to the housing, wherein the first formation member and the second formation member are welded to each other.

To obtain a temperature sensor device having high reliability and high sensitivity without cost increase. This temperature sensor device includes: a housing provided with a temperature sensor module having a temperature detection element and an external connection terminal connected to the temperature detection element via a lead wire, which are integrated using a first formation member made from a thermoplastic resin, the temperature sensor module being covered with a second formation member made from a thermoplastic resin, so as to form a connector for connecting the external connection terminal to an external signal processing circuit; and a case into which the temperature sensor module is press-fitted and which is opposed to the housing, wherein the first formation member and the second formation member are welded to each other.

A temperature sensor includes a platinum member having a base portion and a plurality of prongs extending from the base portion. The platinum member is positioned within a housing that includes a first platform having a first support surface supporting the base portion, and a second platform having a second support surface spaced apart from the first support surface. The second support surface supports an end portion of at least one prong of the plurality of prongs, and medial portions of the plurality of prongs between the first and second support surfaces are suspended at a distance from an interior surface of the housing. In some cases, the housing further includes one or more support members between the first and second platforms that project from the interior surface of the housing toward the medial portion of one or more prongs to limit an amount of bending of the prongs.