Tires including a tire bodies formed of one or more tire plies are disclosed. In some implementations, tire plies may include a temperature sensor that may detect a temperature of a respective tire ply. The temperature sensor may include a ceramic material organized as a matrix and one or more split-ring resonators (SRRs). Each of the SRRs may have a natural resonance frequency configured to shift in response to one or more of a change in an elastomeric property or a change in the temperature of a respective one or more tire plies. The temperature sensor may include an electrically-conductive layer dielectrically separated from a respective one or more SRRs. A thickness each of the SRRs may be approximately between 0.1 micrometers (μm) and 100 μm.

An apparatus for inductive temperature sensing comprises a coil configuration, a target, and an impedance measurement circuit. The target has a non-zero conductivity and susceptibility and the impedance measurement circuit measures the apparent inductance of the coil configuration at a measurement frequency close to the crossover frequency to provide an indication of temperature of the target.

An apparatus for inductive temperature sensing comprises a coil configuration, a target, and an impedance measurement circuit. The target has a non-zero conductivity and susceptibility and the impedance measurement circuit measures the apparent inductance of the coil configuration at a measurement frequency close to the crossover frequency to provide an indication of temperature of the target.

A magnetostrictive-type sensor temperature-detecting circuit configured to be used in a magnetostrictive-type sensor including an applied stress-detecting coil, and a driving section to output an alternating voltage, excite the coil with a resulting alternating electric current, and switch flow directions of the electric current flowing in the coil in response to switching voltage polarities of the output alternating voltage, to detect a temperature of the coil in the sensor. This temperature-detecting circuit includes an alternating electric current direction switching time-detecting section to detect an amount of time from when the voltage polarities of the output alternating voltage are switched until when the flow directions of the electric current flowing in the coil are switched, and a temperature-computing section to compute the temperature of the coil on the basis of the amount of time detected by the alternating electric current direction switching time-detecting section.

A temperature indicator includes a housing having a temperature detection assembly, switch circuitry, and a radio-frequency identification (RFID) module coupled to the switch circuitry. Responsive to the temperature detection assembly being subjected to a temperature exceeding a threshold, the switch circuitry causes a change in a value output by the RFID module when activated.

A temperature indicator includes a housing having a temperature detection assembly, switch circuitry, and a radio-frequency identification (RFID) module coupled to the switch circuitry. Responsive to the temperature detection assembly being subjected to a temperature exceeding a threshold, the switch circuitry causes a change in a value output by the RFID module when activated.

An apparatus for determining and/or monitoring temperature of a medium, comprising at least one temperature sensor and at least two reference elements for in situ calibration and/or validation of the temperature sensor, wherein the first reference element is composed at least partially of a first material, in the case of which at least one phase transition of at least second order occurs at least a first predetermined phase transition temperature in the temperature range relevant for calibration of the temperature sensor, wherein the second reference element is composed at least partially of a second material, in the case of which at least one phase transition of at least second order occurs at least a second predetermined phase transition temperature in the range relevant for calibration of the temperature sensor, and wherein the at least two reference elements are contacted via exactly two connection wires.

An apparatus for determining and/or monitoring temperature of a medium, comprising at least one temperature sensor and at least two reference elements for in situ calibration and/or validation of the temperature sensor, wherein the first reference element is composed at least partially of a first material, in the case of which at least one phase transition of at least second order occurs at least a first predetermined phase transition temperature in the temperature range relevant for calibration of the temperature sensor, wherein the second reference element is composed at least partially of a second material, in the case of which at least one phase transition of at least second order occurs at least a second predetermined phase transition temperature in the range relevant for calibration of the temperature sensor, and wherein the at least two reference elements are contacted via exactly two connection wires.

Described is a convection reducer. The convection reducer may be used in a thermogravimetric analysis apparatus to reduce convection in fluid surrounding a sample container. The convection reducer includes multiple baffle plates and at least one spine member. Each baffle plate has an edge with at least one slot and each spine member has multiple slots. Each slot in a baffle plate is received in a corresponding slot of the at least one spine member so that the baffle plates are arranged substantially parallel to each other along the at least one spine member. The reduction in convection results in undesired forces on the apparatus that may disturb the sample weight measurement.

Medical or dental instruments, preferably handpieces, can have different temperature-measuring devices for measuring the temperature in the instrument or of at least a part of the instrument. The temperature-measuring devices can be designed, for example, to measure the temperature contactlessly by detection of electromagnetic radiation or to measure the temperature of an interior of the instrument that can be heated by a heat source. The temperature-measuring devices may be designed, for example, as electrical temperature-measuring devices or may have a magnetic material whose magnetic property is a function of temperature and/or has a temperature-dependent course. The temperature-measuring device may have, for example, an electrical switching device and a signal device wherein the signal device is switched at least between a first signal condition and a second signal condition when a temperature limit value is reached or exceeded or is underrun.