An air data system includes an air data probe and a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor attached to the air data probe for detecting particulate accumulation. The air data probe includes a probe head, a strut connected to the head, and a mounting plate connected to the strut. The probe head has an inlet, an interior surface extending from the inlet, and an exterior surface extending from the inlet.

Temperature measurement is an important part of many potential applications in the fields of metallurgy. Conventional temperature measurement methods do not provide accurate and precise average temperature of fluid inside an enclosed chamber. The present disclosure provides multi-sensory techniques for measuring average temperature of mixed fluid inside a chamber. The average temperature is measured based on acoustic interferometry technique on standing wave and inputs received from one or more sensors and radar. The present disclosure utilizes radar to compensate the effect of fumes, noise based on Doppler effect. Further, the inputs received from the one or more sensors are used to determine the concentration of one or more fluids present in the chamber. The method of proposed disclosure depends on the principle of dependence of temperature on sound speed in fluid. So, measurement of sound speed can be mapped to report average temperature of mixed fluid inside the chamber.

A stress analysis device includes: an imaging element that obtains temperature images over a same time range for a same region of an object; a feature point extractor that extracts a feature point in each of the temperature images; a projection transformer that performs projective transformation on each of the temperature images to align the feature point in the temperature images, and aligns the temperature images with respect to a temperature image being a reference; a pixel rearranger that rearranges a pixel array of each of the temperature images subjected to the projective transformation with respect to a pixel array of the temperature image that is the reference; a stress converter that obtains a stress image by multiplying each of the temperature images after pixel rearrangement by a stress conversion coefficient; and an additional averaging part that obtains an additional averaging stress image by adding and averaging the stress images.

A stress analysis device includes: an imaging element that obtains temperature images over a same time range for a same region of an object; a feature point extractor that extracts a feature point in each of the temperature images; a projection transformer that performs projective transformation on each of the temperature images to align the feature point in the temperature images, and aligns the temperature images with respect to a temperature image being a reference; a pixel rearranger that rearranges a pixel array of each of the temperature images subjected to the projective transformation with respect to a pixel array of the temperature image that is the reference; a stress converter that obtains a stress image by multiplying each of the temperature images after pixel rearrangement by a stress conversion coefficient; and an additional averaging part that obtains an additional averaging stress image by adding and averaging the stress images.

A method of interrogating an acoustic wave sensor comprises transmitting, by an interrogator, an interrogation radiofrequency signal to the acoustic wave sensor by way of a transmission antenna, receiving, by the interrogator, a response radiofrequency signal from the acoustic wave sensor by way of a reception antenna, and processing by a processing means of the interrogator the received response radiofrequency signal to obtain in-phase and quadrature components both in the time domain and the frequency domain, determining by the processing means perturbations of the obtained in-phase and quadrature components both in the time domain and the frequency domain and determining by the processing means a value of a measurand based on the detected perturbations.

An interrogation device for interrogating an acoustic wave sensor device comprises a transmission antenna; a reception antenna; and a processor configured for determining in-phase components I and quadrature components Q of a response signal received from the sensor in N consecutive frames of the response signal; determining moduli |Y| of the in-phase components I and quadrature components Q; determining a first norm M based on the moduli |Y|; determining a first weighting function W based on the first norm M and the moduli |Y|; determining in-phase components I and quadrature components Q of an N+1th frame of the response signal; determining moduli |Y| of in-phase components I and quadrature components Q of the N+1th frame; and applying the first weighting function W to the determined moduli |Y| of the response signal in the N+1th frame to obtain weighted moduli |Y|w of the response signal for the N+1th frame.

A system includes a sensor comprising a sensor bonding layer disposed on a surface of the sensor, wherein the sensor bonding layer is a metallic alloy. An inlay includes a planar outer surface, wherein the inlay may be disposed on a curved surface of a structure. A structure bonding layer may be disposed on the planar outer surface of the inlay, wherein the structure bonding layer is a metallic alloy. The sensor bonding layer is coupled to the structure bonding layer via a metallic joint, and the sensor is configured to sense data of the structure through the metallic joint, the structure bonding layer, and the sensor bonding layer. The inlay comprises at least one of a modulus of elasticity, a shape, a thickness, and a size configured to reduce strain transmitted to the sensor.

A single frequency control device incorporating a high frequency resonator, a low frequency resonator and a temperature sensing element, the latter thermally coupled closely to the said resonators to facilitate temperature sensing with higher resolution and accuracy. Additional benefits offered by the structure include smaller size and lower cost.

A single frequency control device incorporating a high frequency resonator, a low frequency resonator and a temperature sensing element, the latter thermally coupled closely to the said resonators to facilitate temperature sensing with higher resolution and accuracy. Additional benefits offered by the structure include smaller size and lower cost.

Devices, including wireless temperature sensors, are provided. The devices may include a patch including a conductive material, a substrate, and a ground plane. The devices may be used in the systems and methods provided herein to measure a temperature. The substrates of the devices may include a dielectric material or a metal.