An apparatus and a method for determining the thermal conductivity of a fluid specimen are provided. The apparatus and the method include determining thermal conductivity using a quasi-steady state variable gap axial flow technique. The fluid specimen is heated on one side by a heat source with a known power output and cooled on the other side. After reaching steady state, a resulting temperature drop through the fluid specimen exists. This temperature drop, the known fluid specimen thickness (or gap distance), and the known power output are used to calculate the thermal resistance of the fluid specimen. The thermal conductivity of the fluid specimen is then determined using a curve fit of thermal resistance with respect to gap distance.

An apparatus and a method for determining the thermal conductivity of a fluid specimen are provided. The apparatus and the method include determining thermal conductivity using a quasi-steady state variable gap axial flow technique. The fluid specimen is heated on one side by a heat source with a known power output and cooled on the other side. After reaching steady state, a resulting temperature drop through the fluid specimen exists. This temperature drop, the known fluid specimen thickness (or gap distance), and the known power output are used to calculate the thermal resistance of the fluid specimen. The thermal conductivity of the fluid specimen is then determined using a curve fit of thermal resistance with respect to gap distance.

The present disclosure is directed to systems, methods and tools that measure ionic concentrations and downhole enthalpy of a flowing geothermal fluid in real-time at high-temperature and pressure. The systems, methods and tools include measuring the concentration of selected naturally occurring ions found in the liquid phase of the geothermal fluid throughout the wellbore using novel electrochemical sensor technologies. The change in liquid-phase ion concentration will be used to calculate the proportion of liquid to steam and allow for accurate enthalpy measurements. The techniques and technologies described here can be applied to any application of electrochemical sensing in extreme environments.

The present disclosure is directed to systems, methods and tools that measure ionic concentrations and downhole enthalpy of a flowing geothermal fluid in real-time at high-temperature and pressure. The systems, methods and tools include measuring the concentration of selected naturally occurring ions found in the liquid phase of the geothermal fluid throughout the wellbore using novel electrochemical sensor technologies. The change in liquid-phase ion concentration will be used to calculate the proportion of liquid to steam and allow for accurate enthalpy measurements. The techniques and technologies described here can be applied to any application of electrochemical sensing in extreme environments.

An industrial process vessel insulation monitoring system for monitoring an insulated section of a process vessel containing a process material includes one or more condition sensors and a controller. The condition sensors are configured to sense at least one environmental condition, such as temperature, humidity, moisture level, and/or chemical composition, and generate condition outputs that are indicative of the corresponding sensed condition. The controller is configured to detect at least one section condition relating to the insulated section based on the condition output, and generate condition information relating to the at least one detected section condition. Examples of the section conditions include a thermal resistance of an insulation of the insulated section, damage or degradation to an insulation of the insulated section, corrosion of the process vessel at the insulated section, conditions that promote corrosion of the process vessel, and moisture intrusion to the insulation.

An industrial process vessel insulation monitoring system for monitoring an insulated section of a process vessel containing a process material includes one or more condition sensors and a controller. The condition sensors are configured to sense at least one environmental condition, such as temperature, humidity, moisture level, and/or chemical composition, and generate condition outputs that are indicative of the corresponding sensed condition. The controller is configured to detect at least one section condition relating to the insulated section based on the condition output, and generate condition information relating to the at least one detected section condition. Examples of the section conditions include a thermal resistance of an insulation of the insulated section, damage or degradation to an insulation of the insulated section, corrosion of the process vessel at the insulated section, conditions that promote corrosion of the process vessel, and moisture intrusion to the insulation.

The present invention is concerned with the technical field of crop protection. The present invention relates to a system, a method, a kit and a computer program product for controlling nematodes.

The present invention is concerned with the technical field of crop protection. The present invention relates to a system, a method, a kit and a computer program product for controlling nematodes.

A support device comprises a piston rod and a fixed member arranged so that a target object is placed therebetween, and an elastic member is provided to the target object side of the fixed member. A monitoring device includes a heat flux sensor and a detection part. When the target object is supported between the piston rod and the fixed member due to force applied by the piston rod, the heat flux sensor outputs a signal corresponding to the heat flux flowing between the elastic member, which is compressed by the load applied from the piston rod, and the fixed member. Based on the signal output by the heat flux sensor, the detection part detects the support state of the target object supported by the support device, or the size of the target object.

A method and apparatus for measuring quench characteristics of a fluid. The apparatus includes a probe with an energy input device electrically connected to a display unit to monitor temperature, media flow characteristics and media heat transfer characteristics. The method includes continuously measuring thermal energy transfer in a quenching media by measuring the surrounding fluid's heat transfer relative to input probe energy.