The present invention concerns apparatus (1) for obtaining distributed pressure measurements in a wellbore (2), the apparatus (1) comprising: a flexible rod (10; 110) arranged to be disposed in the wellbore (2); and an elongate sensing member (15; 115) extending along the rod, the sensing member comprising at least one optical sensing fibre member (16; 116) arranged to afford a continuous length of sensing capability, wherein the sensing member extends in a groove formed in the exterior surface of the rod.

A system for assaying forces applied by cells includes an optically transparent substrate comprising a soft material having a Young's modulus within the range of about 3 kPa to about 100 kPa. An array of molecular patterns is disposed on a surface of the optically transparent substrate, the molecular patterns include fluorophore-conjugated patterns adherent to cells. The system includes at least one light source configured to excite the fluorophore-conjugated patterns and an imaging device configured to capture fluorescent light emitted from the fluorophore-conjugated patterns. Dimensional changes in the size of the patterns are used to determine contractile forces imparted by cells located on the patterns.

A pressure sensor and a pressure detecting method are provided, the pressure sensor includes a liquid crystal cell including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, a liquid crystal state detector module and a pressure finder module, and the liquid crystal cell includes a pressure receiving surface. The liquid crystal state detector module is configured to detect a liquid crystal arrangement state in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in a situation where a pressure is applied on the pressure receiving surface of the liquid crystal cell; the pressure finder module is configured to find a value of the pressure corresponding to the liquid crystal arrangement state from a pre-stored correspondence table.

Provided is a pressure measuring material having a substrate and a pressure-sensitive layer, wherein the pressure-sensitive layer contains a polymer matrix containing a polymer compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 or more, and microcapsules encapsulating an electron-donating dye precursor and a solvent, and an electron-accepting compound. Also provided is a method for manufacturing the pressure measuring material.

Provided is a pressure measuring material having a substrate and a pressure-sensitive layer, wherein the pressure-sensitive layer contains a polymer matrix containing a polymer compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 or more, and microcapsules encapsulating an electron-donating dye precursor and a solvent, and an electron-accepting compound. Also provided is a method for manufacturing the pressure measuring material.

Provided is a pressure measuring material having a substrate and a pressure-sensitive layer, wherein the pressure-sensitive layer contains a polymer matrix containing a polymer compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 or more, and microcapsules encapsulating an electron-donating dye precursor and a solvent, and an electron-accepting compound. The pressure-sensitive layer has a color development-inducing layer having the electron-accepting compound and the polymer matrix and a color-developing layer having the microcapsules. A thickness of the color-developing layer is equal to or less than ½ of a thickness of the color development-inducing layer.

A system for monitoring downhole cement quality in a cased well includes an active acoustic source that generates acoustic waves, a distributed acoustic sensor, and a controller. The distributed acoustic sensor includes an optical fiber disposed on an outer surface of a casing of the cased well; a pulsed laser coupled to the optical fiber and that transmits pulses of laser light along the optical fiber; a sensor that detects light that is backscattered and reflected by the optical fiber; and a processor that controls the pulsed laser, receives signals from the sensor, and converts the signals into acoustic information. The controller receives the acoustic information from the processor and identifies well integrity loss.

A force measuring disc having a planar regular arrangement of force measuring cells. A force measuring cell is formed in a hole in the force measuring disc, in which hole precisely one planar element which is secured by springs in a self-supporting fashion is arranged and is oriented so as to run parallel to the force measuring disc. Each spring is connected in a materially joined fashion at a first end to the edge of a hole and at a second end to the edge of a planar element. The force measuring disc, the springs and the planar elements are formed from the same material. Each planar element can be elastically deflected in three spatial directions under the effect of a force. There is a linear relationship between the deflection and the force. In addition, the invention relates to a device for determining forces in the piconewton to nanonewton ranges.

Provided are a sensor, a display panel and a display device. The sensor includes: a flexible film; a first carrier substrate disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the flexible film; a protrusion structure disposed on a side, facing toward the flexible film, of the first carrier substrate; multiple sensing units located on a side, facing toward the first carrier substrate, of the flexible film; where a perpendicular projection of the protrusion structure on a plane where the flexible film is located does not overlap perpendicular projections of the multiple sensing units on the plane where the flexible film is located; and a shielding structure, which is disposed at least partially around the protrusion structure.

Provided are a material for pressure measurement, including a color forming layer that contains microcapsules A encapsulating an electron-donating colorless dye precursor and microcapsules B not encapsulating an electron-donating colorless dye precursor, in which a volume standard median diameter D50A of the microcapsules A and a volume standard median diameter D50B of the microcapsules B satisfy Equation 1; a material composition for pressure measurement; and a material set for pressure measurement:

D50A<D50B  Equation 1.