An electromechanical brake system may include an electromechanical actuator with a servo motor. A current control is electronically coupled to the servo motor. A resolver is configured to detect an angular velocity and an angular position of the servo motor. A converter may be configured to convert the angular velocity into a linear velocity and the angular position into a linear position. An intelligent observer may also be configured to estimate a load force of the electromechanical actuator based on the linear position and the linear velocity.

A work machine having a diesel engine driving a plurality of ground movement devices to tow an agricultural implement. A torque estimating system is employed to determine the level of torque in the drive train between the diesel engine and the ground movement devices. The torque estimation device is a sensor determining the axial and radial deflection of an input shaft as a function of the torque transmitted between a pair of adjacent gears in the power train.

A work machine having a diesel engine driving a plurality of ground movement devices to tow an agricultural implement. A torque estimating system is employed to determine the level of torque in the drive train between the diesel engine and the ground movement devices. The torque estimation device is a sensor determining the axial and radial deflection of an input shaft as a function of the torque transmitted between a pair of adjacent gears in the power train.

A method for actuating an electric motor for a rheometer includes transferring drive energy to a sample. A time profile for deflection is periodic, a value for deflection is a measured variable, the motor is actuated by a manipulated variable, the measured and manipulated variables are mutually nonlinear, an approximation function for the time profile is a weighted sum of base functions, weights for base functions are a parameter vector, the manipulated variable is a weighted sum of base functions. The measured variable is sampled, sampled values are used within a time window, an approximation function for sampled values is a weighted sum of base functions, the weights are an actual parameter vector, a difference between intended and actual parameter vectors is subtracted from the manipulated parameter vector, the manipulated variable is a weighted sum of base functions and values of a new manipulated parameter vector are used as weights.

A method for evaluating the frictions in a power steering mechanism, the method including a step of acquiring a series of characterization points, during which are measured, for several different values taken successively by the assistance force during the operation of the steering mechanism, the corresponding friction values, so as to empirically obtain a series of distinct characterization points each associating a measured friction value to a measured value representative of the assistance force, then a step of constructing an empirical friction model, during which a correlation law is established between the characterization points constitutive of the series of characterization points, from the scatter chart formed by the series of the characterization points.

A method for evaluating the frictions in a power steering mechanism, the method including a step of acquiring a series of characterization points, during which are measured, for several different values taken successively by the assistance force during the operation of the steering mechanism, the corresponding friction values, so as to empirically obtain a series of distinct characterization points each associating a measured friction value to a measured value representative of the assistance force, then a step of constructing an empirical friction model, during which a correlation law is established between the characterization points constitutive of the series of characterization points, from the scatter chart formed by the series of the characterization points.

A hub carrier is provided having: a central part for carrying a hub for a wheel of a vehicle; an outer frame adapted to connect the hub carrier to a suspension of the vehicle; at least three spokes interposed between the central part and the outer frame, the at least three spokes being rigidly connected to the central part. The at least three spokes have respective end elements connected to the outer frame and provide respective sliding spherical hinges for the at least three spokes. The hub carrier further includes at least three sensors configured for detecting force and/or moment components acting on the hub.

A hub carrier is provided having: a central part for carrying a hub for a wheel of a vehicle; an outer frame adapted to connect the hub carrier to a suspension of the vehicle; at least three spokes interposed between the central part and the outer frame, the at least three spokes being rigidly connected to the central part. The at least three spokes have respective end elements connected to the outer frame and provide respective sliding spherical hinges for the at least three spokes. The hub carrier further includes at least three sensors configured for detecting force and/or moment components acting on the hub.

A portable on-vehicle dynamometer comprises a containment chassis (2), a drum (3) rotatably housed in said containment chassis (2) to rotate around a load shaft (4), mechanical transmission means (5) adapted to connect said load shaft (4) to the hub of a wheel of the vehicle being measured to transfer the motion of the vehicle engine to said drum (3), wherein said mechanical transmission means (5) comprise a connection flange (6) provided with a central axis of rotation and suitable to be fixed stably but removably to the hub of the vehicle wheel, wherein said mechanical transmission means (5) further comprise a CV joint (7) adapted to connect said flange (6) with one end of said load shaft (4) and designed to allow mutual angular regulation between said load shaft (4) and the central rotation axis of said flange (6) with respect to at least one inclination plane.

A portable on-vehicle dynamometer comprises a containment chassis (2), a drum (3) rotatably housed in said containment chassis (2) to rotate around a load shaft (4), mechanical transmission means (5) adapted to connect said load shaft (4) to the hub of a wheel of the vehicle being measured to transfer the motion of the vehicle engine to said drum (3), wherein said mechanical transmission means (5) comprise a connection flange (6) provided with a central axis of rotation and suitable to be fixed stably but removably to the hub of the vehicle wheel, wherein said mechanical transmission means (5) further comprise a CV joint (7) adapted to connect said flange (6) with one end of said load shaft (4) and designed to allow mutual angular regulation between said load shaft (4) and the central rotation axis of said flange (6) with respect to at least one inclination plane.