An engine testing device including a plurality of seal head units movable forward and backward relative to the intake ports and the exhaust ports. Each of the seal head units includes a plurality of seal heads disposed side by side and are connectable to respective ports of the intake ports and the exhaust ports. A pitch-varying unit changes interval pitches between the seal heads of at least one of the seal head units. The pitch-varying unit includes a plurality of first movement mechanisms connected with the seal heads and movable in a direction across the seal heads disposed side by side, and a plurality of drivers to drive the first movement mechanisms.

An engine including an exhaust bypass valve and an intake bypass valve. The exhaust bypass valve is disposed in an exhaust bypass channel connecting an outlet of an exhaust manifold and an exhaust outlet of a turbocharger to each other. The intake bypass valve is disposed in an intake bypass channel connecting an inlet of an intake manifold and an inlet of the turbocharger. An intake pressure sensor detects a pressure of the intake manifold. If an instruction value indicating an upper limit or a lower limit of the valve opening degree of the intake bypass valve is continuously output for a predetermined time or more, an engine control device determines that an abnormality occurs in at least one of the exhaust bypass valve and the intake bypass valve.

There is provided a method of specifying a location of occurrence of an abnormal sound, the method including: storing mapping data in a storage device, the mapping data prescribing mapping that receives, as inputs, a sound variable that matches a sound detected in a vehicle and a state variable of a drive-system device of the vehicle synchronized with the sound, and that outputs a location as a main cause of the sound; executing a sound signal acquisition process of acquiring a sound signal output from a microphone that detects a sound; a state variable acquisition process of acquiring the state variable of the drive-system device; and a specifying process of specifying the location of occurrence of the sound corresponding to the sound signal using the sound variable and the state variable as inputs to the mapping. There are also provided a non-transitory storage medium and an in-vehicle device.

A sensor failure diagnostic apparatus includes a first estimation unit to estimate a mixing ratio of each type of a molecular structure included in a fuel, based on combustion parameters when a combustion of an internal combustion engine is executed in different combustion conditions, among the combustion parameters sensed by a combustion sensor, a second estimation unit to estimate the mixing ratio, based on characteristic parameters sensed by a characteristic sensor, a combustion sensor diagnostic unit to determine whether a failure of the combustion sensor exists, based on a sensed value of the combustion sensor when the combustion is not executed, and a characteristic sensor diagnostic unit to determine whether a failure of the characteristic sensor exists, by comparing the mixing ratio estimated by the first estimation unit with the mixing ratio estimated by the second estimation unit when the combustion sensor diagnostic unit determines the combustion sensor is normal.

A detection kit for detecting combustion chamber leaks in water cooled otto or diesel vehicle engines includes a transparent solution reservoir placed in an expansion tank and/or expansion tank inlet/outlet hoses, and having low liquid and vapour permeability and high CO.sub.2 permeability, a pH indicator solution placed in the solution reservoir, stable under high temperature and high pressure, and indicating combustion chamber leaks by change of colour with the change in the pH value.

An engine testing device including a plurality of seal head units movable forward and backward relative to the intake ports and the exhaust ports. Each of the seal head units includes a plurality of seal heads disposed side by side and are connectable to respective ports of the intake ports and the exhaust ports. A pitch-varying unit changes interval pitches between the seal heads of at least one of the seal head units. The pitch-varying unit includes a plurality of first movement mechanisms connected with the seal heads and movable in a direction across the seal heads disposed side by side, and a plurality of drivers to drive the first movement mechanisms.

A method and system for grading pistons with deposits is disclosed. In an embodiment, a piston with upon its outer surface deposits is three dimensionally scanned and compared to a reference model to detect the location and geometry of the deposits. The location and geometry of the deposits are recorded and used to grade the pistons. The piston is increased in temperature and thermally scanned. The deposits are identified based on the temperature differences measured with respect to the temperature of the outer surface of the piston. Deposit characteristics can be generated from the identified locations of deposits and the magnitude of temperature difference with respect to the outer surface. The deposit characteristics are recorded and used to grade the pistons.

A method for estimating at least one ring-related parameter related to at least one piston ring may include estimating a bore distortion of a cylinder bore. The bore distortion may include a plurality of bore distortions corresponding to a plurality of respective piston locations within the cylinder bore. The method may also include receiving the bore distortion in a ring performance model configured to dynamically estimate a plurality of ring-related parameters associated with combustion in the cylinder bore during operation of the internal combustion engine. The ring performance model may be configured to receive a static data signal indicative of static parameters and a dynamic data signal indicative of dynamic parameters related to operation of the internal combustion engine. The ring performance model may be configured to estimate at least one ring-related parameter related to at least one piston ring during operation of the internal combustion engine.

A specific sound having a higher frequency than an operation sound of an engine is generated in synchronization with timing of a top dead center of a specific cylinder of the engine. Thus, timing of a noise of the engine is estimated by using, for example, a deviation in time between timing of generation of a specific sound and timing at which a noise occurs in the engine, based on a sound collected from around the engine without directly using a signal of a crank angle of the engine.

An engine oil tiller cap for monitoring an internal combustion engine comprises: a processor; and a sensor module comprising a pressure sensor configured to sense crankcase pressure of the internal combustion engine and to output data representative of the sensed crankcase pressure to the processor. The engine oil filler cap is configured to provide a housing for the processor. The processor is configured to determine a value representative of the firing frequency of the internal combustion engine based on the output data.