The invention provides an apparatus for creating a hole in a glass container with a medium stored therein, comprising: a laser system configured to focus laser pulses with a wavelength in the ultraviolet regime onto the glass container such as to create a hole in the glass container by laser ablation preferably without creating significant amounts of glass particles inside and outside the glass container.

The invention provides an apparatus for creating a hole in a glass container with a medium stored therein, comprising: a laser system configured to focus laser pulses with a wavelength in the ultraviolet regime onto the glass container such as to create a hole in the glass container by laser ablation preferably without creating significant amounts of glass particles inside and outside the glass container.

The invention discloses a SMART, portable internet of thing (IoT) based device and/or system to monitor various key parameters automatically, in a given operating area or operating system in various application fields, which automatically performs multiple monitoring functions such as sampling, measuring, analyzing, reporting and stabilizing key controllable parameters and there auto-maintain these parameters as per desired level. The SMART, portable device and system of the invention can be used in many applications in various fields such as Bio-Medical, Agriculture, Waste Treatment, Distilleries, RO Plants, etc, to name a few, where maintaining the key parameters like, pH, EC, Temperature, etc, are key for higher yields and/or efficient/smooth functioning and there these key parameters are required to be controlled.

The invention discloses a SMART, portable internet of thing (IoT) based device and/or system to monitor various key parameters automatically, in a given operating area or operating system in various application fields, which automatically performs multiple monitoring functions such as sampling, measuring, analyzing, reporting and stabilizing key controllable parameters and there auto-maintain these parameters as per desired level. The SMART, portable device and system of the invention can be used in many applications in various fields such as Bio-Medical, Agriculture, Waste Treatment, Distilleries, RO Plants, etc, to name a few, where maintaining the key parameters like, pH, EC, Temperature, etc, are key for higher yields and/or efficient/smooth functioning and there these key parameters are required to be controlled.

A sensor for determining a liquid type, includes: a plano-convex lens; a lens holder configured to support the plano-convex lens via an edge of the lens; an outputting optical fiber that abuts against a plane surface of the plano-convex lens to output light; a light-receiving optical fiber that abuts against the plane surface of the plano-convex lens to receive light; a light-emitting unit connected to the outputting optical fiber; and a light amount measuring unit connected to the light-receiving optical fiber to measure a light amount. The outputting optical fiber is provided so that an end face of the outputting optical fiber is disposed on the edge of the plano-convex lens, and preferably, a central axis thereof at the end face thereof passes through the plane surface of the plano-convex lens.

A method of analysing granular material in a slurry, the method comprising: compacting the granular material in the slurry to form one or more pucks; irradiating said pucks with X-Ray radiation and detecting X-ray energy transmitted through said one or more irradiated pucks; irradiating a reference material with X-Ray radiation, said reference material having known material characteristics and detecting X-ray energy transmitted through said reference material; comparing X-ray energy transmission through said one or more pucks with the reference material to compute, using a processing unit, one or more particle characteristics of the granular material in the one or more pucks.

A method of analysing granular material in a slurry, the method comprising: compacting the granular material in the slurry to form one or more pucks; irradiating said pucks with X-Ray radiation and detecting X-ray energy transmitted through said one or more irradiated pucks; irradiating a reference material with X-Ray radiation, said reference material having known material characteristics and detecting X-ray energy transmitted through said reference material; comparing X-ray energy transmission through said one or more pucks with the reference material to compute, using a processing unit, one or more particle characteristics of the granular material in the one or more pucks.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing and/or processing a sample. The sample comprises at least one fluid, and the method comprises directing a charged particle beam onto the at least one fluid and causing the at least one fluid to flow in response to the charged particle beam being directed on to it. The present invention also relates to a system and a computer program product used to carry out the method.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing and/or processing a sample. The sample comprises at least one fluid, and the method comprises directing a charged particle beam onto the at least one fluid and causing the at least one fluid to flow in response to the charged particle beam being directed on to it. The present invention also relates to a system and a computer program product used to carry out the method.

A microorganism sampling device includes: a head part that has a water supply channel to which a water supply pipe for supplying sample water can be connected; a housing part to an upper part of which the head part can be detachably attached; a frame-structured tube; a tubular filter that is arranged within the tubular body; a cup that communicates with the tubular filter and is attached to one end of the tube body; and a cap that has a channel communicating with the tubular filter and is attached to the other end of the tube body. The microorganism sampling device further includes a filter part housed in the housing part, in which a bottom part of the cup is supported by a bottom part of the housing part. The head part is attached to an upper part of the housing part.