A tester for evaluating pullout load capacity and bond quality of anchor bolts embedded in concrete includes a Schmidt hammer for measuring a rebound number and an ultrasonic pulse velocity tester for measuring the transit time of a pulse transmitted through concrete surrounding an anchor bolt. The rebound number and the transit time are combined and matched against a database record which identifies the pullout load capacity and the bond quality. The transit time is matched to thresholds of transit times associated with porosity, internal cracking, air voids, and water pockets located around the embedded anchor bolt. The Schmidt hammer is further modified by the incorporation of a digital level for measuring the vertical and horizontal angles of inclination of the plunger with the concrete surface, a guide tube for supporting the plunger, and by using a convex plunger tip for improved registration with anchor bolt head.

A tester for evaluating pullout load capacity and bond quality of anchor bolts embedded in concrete includes a Schmidt hammer for measuring a rebound number and an ultrasonic pulse velocity tester for measuring the transit time of a pulse transmitted through concrete surrounding an anchor bolt. The rebound number and the transit time are combined and matched against a database record which identifies the pullout load capacity and the bond quality. The transit time is matched to thresholds of transit times associated with porosity, internal cracking, air voids, and water pockets located around the embedded anchor bolt. The Schmidt hammer is further modified by the incorporation of a digital level for measuring the vertical and horizontal angles of inclination of the plunger with the concrete surface, a guide tube for supporting the plunger, and by using a convex plunger tip for improved registration with anchor bolt head.

A tester for evaluating pullout load capacity and bond quality of anchor bolts embedded in concrete includes a Schmidt hammer for measuring a rebound number and an ultrasonic pulse velocity tester for measuring the transit time of a pulse transmitted through concrete surrounding an anchor bolt. The rebound number and the transit time are combined and matched against a database record which identifies the pullout load capacity and the bond quality. The transit time is matched to thresholds of transit times associated with porosity, internal cracking, air voids, and water pockets located around the embedded anchor bolt. The Schmidt hammer is further modified by the incorporation of a digital level for measuring the vertical and horizontal angles of inclination of the plunger with the concrete surface, a guide tube for supporting the plunger, and by using a convex plunger tip for improved registration with anchor bolt head.

The present invention discloses a testing method and a testing system for a safe operating window of a lithium-ion battery in a squeezed state. The testing system includes a mechanical loading device, a heating device, a lithium-ion battery tester and a measuring device. By comparing the influence of a combined use of two or more of mechanical abuse with two different fixed variables, thermal abuse, and electrical abuse on critical conditions of thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery, the influence of the different forms of abuse on the critical conditions of thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery can be compared qualitatively and quantitatively, and these data can also be used to determine the safe operating windows of the lithium-ion battery under different abuse conditions.

The present invention discloses a testing method and a testing system for a safe operating window of a lithium-ion battery in a squeezed state. The testing system includes a mechanical loading device, a heating device, a lithium-ion battery tester and a measuring device. By comparing the influence of a combined use of two or more of mechanical abuse with two different fixed variables, thermal abuse, and electrical abuse on critical conditions of thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery, the influence of the different forms of abuse on the critical conditions of thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery can be compared qualitatively and quantitatively, and these data can also be used to determine the safe operating windows of the lithium-ion battery under different abuse conditions.

The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method of use thereof for compressive creep testing of materials in the presence of fluids. The apparatus includes a cantilever arm connected on a first end to a cantilever pivot and including a weight holder on a second end; a first platen connected to the cantilever arm via a swivel located between the first end and the second end; a reservoir; and a second platen disposed within the reservoir and positioned to secure a sample between the first platen and the second platen when a force is applied via the weight holder and the first platen to a sample. Electrical properties of the material can be monitored and measured during the compression creep testing.

The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method of use thereof for compressive creep testing of materials in the presence of fluids. The apparatus includes a cantilever arm connected on a first end to a cantilever pivot and including a weight holder on a second end; a first platen connected to the cantilever arm via a swivel located between the first end and the second end; a reservoir; and a second platen disposed within the reservoir and positioned to secure a sample between the first platen and the second platen when a force is applied via the weight holder and the first platen to a sample. Electrical properties of the material can be monitored and measured during the compression creep testing.

An apparatus for measuring a deformation stiffness of an article includes a force measuring means configured to measure a force generated in a thickness direction of the article; a thickness measuring means configured to measure a thickness of the article; and a data processor configured to differentiate force with respect to thickness to calculate the deformation stiffness of the article, wherein each of the force and the thickness are a result of a volume change of the article.

An apparatus for measuring a deformation stiffness of an article includes a force measuring means configured to measure a force generated in a thickness direction of the article; a thickness measuring means configured to measure a thickness of the article; and a data processor configured to differentiate force with respect to thickness to calculate the deformation stiffness of the article, wherein each of the force and the thickness are a result of a volume change of the article.

The present invention discloses a testing method and a testing system for a safe operating window of a lithium-ion battery in a squeezed state. The testing system includes a mechanical loading device, a heating device, a lithium-ion battery tester and a measuring device. By comparing the influence of a combined use of two or more of mechanical abuse with two different fixed variables, thermal abuse, and electrical abuse on critical conditions of thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery, the influence of the different forms of abuse on the critical conditions of thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery can be compared qualitatively and quantitatively, and these data can also be used to determine the safe operating windows of the lithium-ion battery under different abuse conditions.