Provided herein are various methods for forming alkylaromatic sulfonate compositions and blended alkylaromatic sulfonate compositions, and such compositions themselves. The methods of various embodiments include obtaining a C.sub.8-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon mixture, optionally treating the mixture to concentrate the mixture in sulfonatable aromatics, and sulfonating the mixture to form the alkylaromatic sulfonates. The mixture or treated mixture may be blended with linear alkyl benzene (LAB) compositions and sulfonated, and/or the alkylaryl sulfonates may be blended with linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) compositions, to form the blended alkylaromatic sulfonates of some embodiments. These compositions and processes for making them may be tailored to serve a variety of end uses, such as detergents in cleaning solutions or for enhanced oil recovery operations, and/or as low foaming and/or hydrotropic additives in detergent formulations, and the like.

Provided herein are various methods for forming alkylaromatic sulfonate compositions and blended alkylaromatic sulfonate compositions, and such compositions themselves. The methods of various embodiments include obtaining a C.sub.8-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon mixture, optionally treating the mixture to concentrate the mixture in sulfonatable aromatics, and sulfonating the mixture to form the alkylaromatic sulfonates. The mixture or treated mixture may be blended with linear alkyl benzene (LAB) compositions and sulfonated, and/or the alkylaryl sulfonates may be blended with linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) compositions, to form the blended alkylaromatic sulfonates of some embodiments. These compositions and processes for making them may be tailored to serve a variety of end uses, such as detergents in cleaning solutions or for enhanced oil recovery operations, and/or as low foaming and/or hydrotropic additives in detergent formulations, and the like.

A device for measuring a tension of a sheet-like tissue containing cardiomyocytes includes a first gel adapter holder having a frame member and a first gel holding member protruding toward a part of an inside face of the frame member for fixing one end of a film-like gel; and a second gel adapter holder having a second gel holding member for fixing the other end of the gel and a connection member connected to the second gel holding member. A kit includes the tension measuring device; a substrate having a pair of gel molding protruding members fitted along the inside face of the frame member; and a gel forming lid body having a face parallel to a gel contact face of the substrate so as to form an upper face of the gel. Further, a system for measuring the tension includes the tension measuring device.

The present invention relates to the field of liquid viscosity measurement using a capillary tube. The invention pertains to novel methods that use surface tension driven flow for the measurement of viscosity of a liquid over a range of shear rates.

An implant includes a microstructured hyperhydrophilic surface with protrusions and depressions in which a spacing between the protrusions as a statistical mean is in a range of 1 to 100 m and a profile height of the protrusions and depressions as a statistical mean is in the range of 1 to 80 m.

Methods, apparatus, and kits for detecting and optionally quantifying amphiphilic compounds in the environment, in media samples, and on objects by determining an initial surface energy of a surface of a sample substrate, exposing the sample substrate surface to a medium that contains or is suspected to contain an amphiphilic compound for a time sufficient for the amphiphilic compound to interact with the sample substrate surface, determining a post-exposure surface energy of the surface of the sample substrate, determining a change in the surface energy of the sample substrate surface, and correlating the determined change in surface energy of the sample substrate surface with a presence and/or character of amphiphilic compounds in the medium.

An implant includes a microstructured hyperhydrophilic surface with protrusions and depressions in which a spacing between the protrusions as a statistical mean is in a range of 1 to 100 m and a profile height of the protrusions and depressions as a statistical mean is in the range of 1 to 80 m.

Methods may include measuring an interfacial tension (IFT) for a dead oil sample prepared from a fluid within an interval of a formation; calculating a gas:oil ratio for the fluid within the interval of a formation at a specified temperature and pressure; calculating a live oil density for the fluid within the interval of a formation for the specified temperature and pressure; and converting the IFT for the dead oil sample to a corrected IFT measurement for a live oil within the interval of the formation from the calculated gas:oil ratio and the calculated density. Methods may also include constructing a depletion path for the dead oil sample from one or more isobars and one or more isotherms; and converting the IFT for the dead oil sample to a corrected IFT measurement from the calculated gas:oil ratio and the calculated live oil density for a live oil.

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring surface tension. More particularly, the present invention relates an apparatus and method for measuring surface tension through an electrical scheme which is simpler and has improved accuracy compared to a conventional optical scheme.

Various examples are provided related to measuring surface tension. In one example, a method includes levitating a sample using electrostatic levitation; applying a signal to at least one electrode to excite the sample into a n=3 mode of oscillation; capturing images of the sample with a respective image being associated with a particular frequency that is applied to the sample when the respective image is captured; quantifying sample resonance using a projection method of Legendre polynomials based on the plurality of images; and determining a measured resonance frequency of the sample by an analysis of the sample resonance. The sample can be levitated using a feedback-controlled voltage and the applied signal can be swept over a range of frequencies. A system including electrodes, a position sensor, a camera device, and at least one computing device can be used to carry out the method.