A flow cytometer, laser optics assembly thereof, and methods of assembling the same are provided. The flow cytometer is capable of yielding consistent and accurate results despite exposure to adverse environmental conditions such as, for example, temperature changes within a relatively wide temperature range and/or a relatively large amount of random-axis mechanical vibration. The flow cytometer of the present disclosure is additionally or alternatively relatively insensitive to real or apparent core stream shifts, employs a slowly converging beam along the axis perpendicular to core stream flow, and provides the ability to precisely measure time-of-flight.

A device for detecting particles in a lubricating oil of a machine, comprising a particle separator; at least one particle detector; a bypass conduit for the particle-concentrating oil, fluidly connected to an oil outlet of the particle separator, concentrating the particles; and wherein the at least one particle detector is operatively mounted on the bypass conduit so as to be able to detect particles in the bypass conduit.

To improve the measurement accuracy of a particle size distribution measuring device that performs a particle size distribution measurement in a line start mode. A measurement cell used in a line start mode of a centrifugal sedimentation type particle size distribution measuring device includes: a cell main body that has an opening provided on one end and stores therein a density gradient liquid W.sub.DGS; and a cell cap that closes the opening of the cell main body and has an internal passage R provided therein for holding a sample liquid W.sub.SS. When an application of a centrifugal force is received, the sample liquid W.sub.SS is introduced from the internal passage R into the density gradient liquid W.sub.DGS.

The invention discloses a method of distinguishing empty and full capsids in a virus preparation or loaded and non-loaded non-viral gene therapy vectors. The method comprises the steps of: a) providing a preparation of viral particles or gene therapy vectors; b) subjecting the preparation to interferometric scattering mass spectrometry (ISCAMS), in an interferometric scattering microscope, to generate mass distribution data for the viral particles; c) determining the levels of empty capsids and capsids comprising a genome among the viral particles or the loaded and non-loaded vectors from the mass distribution data.

A particle sensor is described. The particle sensor includes a laser module having a laser, and a detector configured to detect thermal radiation. The particle sensor has an optical apparatus that is configured to focus laser light proceeding from the laser module into a first spot and is configured to focus thermal radiation proceeding from the first spot into a second spot, a radiation-sensitive surface of the detector being located in the second spot, or behind the second spot in the beam path of the thermal radiation focused onto the second spot.

Various embodiments include systems and apparatuses for reducing contamination levels within optical chambers of particle-detection instruments. In one embodiment, an apparatus to reduce contamination within an optical chamber of a particle-detection instrument is described. The apparatus includes a plenum chamber to at least partially surround an aerosol-focusing nozzle of the particle-detection instrument and accept a filtered gas flow. A curtain-flow concentrating nozzle is coupled to the plenum chamber to produce a curtain flow into the optical chamber to substantially surround an aerosol flow. Other methods and systems are disclosed.

A system consists of a detector and a detection card (9); the detector comprises a separation-detection turntable (4), a drive motor (3), a detection unit (5), a control and analysis unit (1), and a display unit (2); more than one detection card positions are arranged on the separation-detection turntable (4), and the separation-detection turntable (4) is driven by the drive motor (3) to rotate, so as to mix, separate and detect samples in the detection card; and the detection cards (9) are loaded on the detection card positions on the turntable, the detection card (9) is internally divided into more than two inner cavity pools, the divided inner cavity pools are respectively connected by narrow channels with a cross-sectional area less than 60% of a maximum cross-sectional area of each inner cavity pool, and all the inner cavity pools are unidirectionally connected in series.

A second device includes a first surface, a second surface in contact with a first device, and a first hole extending through and between the first and second surfaces and being continuous with a groove on the first device. A third device includes a third surface in contact with the first surface, a second hole open in the third surface and continuous with the first hole, and a flow path continuous with the second hole and open in the third surface. As viewed in a first direction from the first to second surfaces, the second hole has a diameter greater than a width of the flow path. The first hole has a greater diameter than the second hole. The second hole has a center surrounded by the first hole. The flow path intersects with the first hole at not more than one point or does not intersect with it.

Disclosed are a sample analysis apparatus and a sample analysis method. The method includes: obtaining a leukocyte measurement mode for a test sample, the method having a plurality of leukocyte measurement modes, each of which includes at least a reaction time, and different leukocyte measurement modes having different reaction times; determining a reaction time for the current sample to be tested; controlling the sample to be tested to react with the reagent, to prepare a test sample for detecting leukocytes; and controlling to detect the test sample for detecting leukocytes, to obtain detection data of leukocyte classification.

An optical path correction subassembly, an optical detection assembly, and an optical detection system are provided. The optical path correction subassembly can be optionally configured to be applied to a light detector. The optical path correction subassembly includes a holder structure and an optical path correction structure carried by the holder structure, and the optical path correction structure has a light beam guiding surface arranged as a reverse inclination inclined relative to a vertical line. The light beam guiding surface of the optical path correction structure can be configured to effectively or accurately guide a predetermined light beam to a light receiving surface of the light detector so as to facilitate collection of the predetermined light beam. The light beam guiding surface of the optical path correction structure can be arranged at an acute angle relative to the light receiving surface of the light detector.