A biological and non-biological aerosol real time monitor includes a laser light source assembly configured to emit a laser beam and generate a line-shaped laser spot at a particle excitation position of an air flow to be measured; a sealed photoelectric measurement chamber, wherein the laser light source assembly is assembled at a laser entrance port of the sealed photoelectric measurement chamber, the air flow intersects with the optical axis in the traveling direction of the laser beam-at the particle excitation position; a scattered light signal reflecting mirror and a fluorescence signal reflecting mirror bilaterally provided with a measurement point as the center which is formed by the intersection of the laser beam and the air flow; a scattered light signal detector and a fluorescence signal detector respectively mounted behind a center opening of the reflecting mirrors to detect a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal.

A biological and non-biological aerosol real time monitor includes a laser light source assembly configured to emit a laser beam and generate a line-shaped laser spot at a particle excitation position of an air flow to be measured; a sealed photoelectric measurement chamber, wherein the laser light source assembly is assembled at a laser entrance port of the sealed photoelectric measurement chamber, the air flow intersects with the optical axis in the traveling direction of the laser beam-at the particle excitation position; a scattered light signal reflecting mirror and a fluorescence signal reflecting mirror bilaterally provided with a measurement point as the center which is formed by the intersection of the laser beam and the air flow; a scattered light signal detector and a fluorescence signal detector respectively mounted behind a center opening of the reflecting mirrors to detect a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal.

A detection device is formed in a body of semiconductor material having a first face, a second face, and a cavity. A detection area formed in the cavity, and a gas pump is integrated in the body and configured to force movement of gas towards the detection area. A detection system of an optical type or a detector of alpha particles is arranged at least in part in the detection area.

Various technologies for measurement of properties of a particulate suspended in a gas phase via laser-induced incandescence (LII) are described herein. A beam of light can be emitted into a multi-pass optical cell using a laser. The multi-pass optical cell comprises a system of one or more mirrors that repeatedly reflects the beam through a measurement region, stimulating incandescence of particulates present in the measurement region. An LII detection system having a field of view that encompasses the measurement region then receives blackbody or quasi-blackbody radiation emitted by the incandescing particles and outputs data indicative of one or more properties of the particulates in the measurement region.

The invention relates to a method for determining the average radius of gyration (r.sub.g) of particles with a size of 1 m in a suspension, and to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention. The method is based on the scattering of linearly polarised electromagnetic radiation on nanoparticles, which, suspended in a solution, are moved through a through-flow cell. The irradiation is carried out perpendicular to the movement direction, wherein the scattering intensity is measured via at least four detectors that are arranged in a defined plane at defined angles. Alternatively, at least one mirror can be used in the position of at least one of the detectors, which deflects the radiation to at least one detector. Based on the scattering intensities, both the average radius of gyration (r.sub.g) of the particles as well as the concentration thereof in the suspension can be determined.

An apparatus for optically measuring fluidal matter having fluid as medium and particles non-dissolved in the medium wherein the apparatus comprises a measurement chamber, which is configured to contain the fluidal matter, and a nozzle. The nozzle receives flowable matter and emits a jet of the flowable matter towards or fromwards an optical detector which is associated with the measurement chamber and receives optical radiation from the fluidal matter in the measurement chamber.

The invention provides a method, apparatus and system for separating blood and other types of cellular components, and can be combined with holographic optical trapping manipulation or other forms of optical tweezing. One of the exemplary methods includes providing a first flow having a plurality of blood components; providing a second flow; contacting the first flow with the second flow to provide a first separation region; and differentially sedimenting a first blood cellular component of the plurality of blood components into the second flow while concurrently maintaining a second blood cellular component of the plurality of blood components in the first flow. The second flow having the first blood cellular component is then differentially removed from the first flow having the second blood cellular component. Holographic optical traps may also be utilized in conjunction with the various flows to move selected components from one flow to another, as part of or in addition to a separation stage.

An examination apparatus 1 for microorganisms for measuring an amount of microorganisms in a sample solution, the apparatus including stirring and mixing means 7 for stirring and mixing the sample solution into which a sample and a fluorescent staining reagent are added, in a sample container 5 formed of a material allowing light to pass through, an excitation light source 10 including a light source that irradiates an irradiation target surface of the sample container 5 with excitation light while the sample solution is being stirred by the stirring and mixing means 7, light receiving means 14 for detecting light and converting the light resulting from a fluorescent emission caused by excitation light from the excitation light source 10, into an electric signal, and control means 23 for detecting the number of emissions based on the electric signal from the light receiving means 14 and calculating the amount of the microorganisms contained in the sample in the sample container 5 based on the number of emissions.

An observation system includes: a plurality of imaging sections to image one or more samples; a plurality of driving mechanisms that respectively move the imaging sections to change an imaging position for the samples; and a control circuit that controls operations of the driving mechanisms and the imaging sections to cause the imaging sections to image the samples, while causing the driving mechanisms to respectively move the imaging sections. The control circuit imposes different limitations on movement patterns of the imaging sections depending on a characteristic of the samples.

Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are provided where fluid, such as a blood sample, is entered into a microfluidic channel in a microchip where the microfluidic channel possesses a micro/nanopillar array for sorting molecules by size. When the fluid passes through the micro/nanopillar array it is separated into particles of interest or particles not of interest or both. When particles of interest are lit by a light source via a first waveguide in the microchip connecting the light source to the microfluidic channel, then lighted particles of interest can be detected by an optical detector via a second waveguide in the microchip connecting the optical detector to the microfluidic channel. The information from the optical detector can be analyzed further by connecting the microchip to a mobile computing device with its own processing abilities or abilities via the internet or cloud.