An inner diameter of an opening of the flow path is larger than a particle diameter of an adsorbent. Therefore, in a state where the flow path 33 is disposed in the container 31, the adsorbent 40 enters the flow path 33 via the opening 33B of the flow path 33. That is, in the adsorption apparatus, the adsorbent is disposed in a region between a side surface portion of the container and the flow path and inside the flow path. Further, in the adsorption apparatus 3, the air flows the region between the container 31 and the flow path 33 and in the flow path 33. Therefore, when the air is flown into the adsorption apparatus 3, the air can be sufficiently brought into contact with the adsorbent 40, and moisture contained in the air can be sufficiently adsorbed.

The present invention relates to a method (1) for determining a content of H.sub.2S in a process gas comprising H.sub.2S. The method (1) comprises extracting (2) a sample of the process gas, performing oxidation (4) of at least a major portion of H.sub.2S of the sample, whereby oxidation products comprising elemental sulfur are formed, analysing (6) the oxidized sample by optical absorption spectroscopy at wavelengths above 310 nm, and determining (8) the content of H.sub.2S in the process gas based on the analysing. The invention further relates to a system (100) for determining a content of H.sub.2S in a process gas comprising H.sub.2S, and use of system (100).

There is described an equipment and method for analysis of a fluid, suspension, solution, dispersion or fluid emulsion that automatically analyzes the characteristic properties of the samples of the fluids, such as paints, enamels, and dyes, among others, so that adjustments can be made to the fluid to meet the optical properties such as color, opacity, hue, saturation (tinting power), covering and luminosity, from the spectrometric measurement technique by transmission analysis of film having radiated fixed thickness.

To provide a reaction system capable of analyzing a liquid sample with high accuracy. To provide a reaction system A including: a reaction vessel 1, a flow channel 2 including a deformable unit 22 having an elastic member, a pump 3, a flow channel deformation mechanism 4, a measurement unit 5 and an analysis unit 6, wherein the measurement unit 5 includes a light source unit 52 and a light receiving unit 54, the flow channel deformation mechanism 4 includes an operation unit 42 for deforming the deformable unit 22 of the flow channel 2 such that a cross-sectional area of the deformable unit 22 is reduced, and the analysis unit 6 is electrically or physically connected to the measurement unit 5 and the flow channel deformation mechanism 4, and operates the flow channel deformation mechanism 4 based on a measurement result obtained by the measurement unit 5.

A method of forming an optical transmission flow cell that includes forming a fluid pathway cavity though a housing, and forming an optical pathway cavity through the housing and through the fluid pathway cavity, the optical pathway cavity configured to receive an optical fiber to emit light through the fluid pathway cavity. Material is added at a transition between the optical pathway cavity and fluid pathway cavity to form a surface at the transition configured to prevent formation of air pockets within fluid in the optical pathway cavity.

A method of forming an optical transmission flow cell that includes forming a fluid pathway cavity though a housing, and forming an optical pathway cavity through the housing and through the fluid pathway cavity, the optical pathway cavity configured to receive an optical fiber to emit light through the fluid pathway cavity. Material is added at a transition between the optical pathway cavity and fluid pathway cavity to form a surface at the transition configured to prevent formation of air pockets within fluid in the optical pathway cavity.

A flow cell for a colour measurement system is described that includes a body with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet linked by a fluid pathway. An entrance window for allowing light transmission into the flow cell is provided, along with a coupler configured to couple a light source to the flow cell. The entrance window is fixedly coupled to the body of the flow cell, and the coupler is carried by a coupler mount that attaches to the body of the flow cell independently of the entrance window.

Aspects of the present disclosure include reconfigurable integrated circuits for characterizing particles of a sample in a flow stream. Reconfigurable integrated circuits according to certain embodiments are programmed to calculate parameters of a particle in a flow stream from detected light; compare the calculated parameters of the particle with parameters of one or more particle classifications; classify the particle based on the comparison between the parameters of the particle classifications and the calculated parameters of the particle; and adjust one or more parameters of the particle classifications based on the calculated parameters of the particle. Methods for characterizing particles in a flow stream with the subject integrated circuits are also described. Systems and integrated circuit devices programmed for practicing the subject methods, such as on a flow cytometer, are also provided.

An automated system which can perform automated sample extraction from a process stream, automated addition of reagents or other materials to the sample, automated analysis on the sample, and then provide output on the results to process control equipment so that parameters of the processing could be altered in response to the testing. This can also allow for a more generally continuous measurement or at least a fast batch process which can be effectively endlessly repeated.

A method for detecting, sorting, purifying and characterizing objects of interest in a liquid sample. The method comprises preparing, in a preparation module ON) of a microfluidic router system, the liquid sample for processing, Preparing comprises transporting the sample through a microfluidic channel, and forwarding the prepared sample from an outlet of the preparation module into an inlet of a routing module. Forwarding comprises coupling a microfluidic flow between the outlet and the inlet to passively buffer against or actively compensate for variations in a flow rate of the prepared sample at the outlet, and diverting the objects of interest from the microfluidic flow. Forwarding the sample comprises sensing a flow characteristic of the sample in preparation, routing module, or in flow connection, and controlling a flow control element taking the sensed characteristic into account to compensate for a variation in the flow rate by a closed-loop flow control.