A sensor apparatus for use in obtaining information relating to the presence of metal particles within a sample of a substance to be tested includes a substrate comprising an aperture for receiving a sample of a substance to be tested. The sample may be an extracted or dynamic sample. The substrate has an electrically conductive coil printed thereon, which surrounds the aperture. The coil is arranged to generate a magnetic field for application to a sample received in the aperture in use, and may also sense the result of interaction between the generated magnetic field and the sample. The sensed result of the interaction is usable to determine information relating to the presence of metal particles in the sample.

Systems, devices and methods for sensing moisture within an electronic device are disclosed. A device may include a housing and a display defining and exterior of an electronic device and an interior of the electronic device. Further, the device may include an integrated circuit (IC) within the electronic device and comprising a control element. The device may also include a moisture sensor such as an inductive sensor, a capacitance sensor, or both. The moisture sensor, which may be part of the IC, together with the control element may sense moisture within the electronic device

A pyrolysis system for evaluating a source rock sample from a subterranean reservoir and methods are described. The pyrolysis system includes a reactor vessel including a body with an open end, a cover attachable to the body, a heating system, a collector assembly. The body and the cover define a sealable chamber; a source rock sample holder sized to be received inside the sealable chamber; and a sensor system. The sensor system includes a direct sensor assembly associated with the source rock sample holder, sized to be received inside the sealable chamber, and operable to measure properties of the source rock sample in the source rock sample holder; and a pyrolysis products sensor assembly in fluid communication with the collector assembly of the reactor vessel.

An embodiment identifies a cause of change in magnetic permeability of an object under inspection and evaluates the state of surface treatment(s) of the object under inspection with high accuracy. An embodiment of the method includes preparing a non-destructive inspection apparatus; placing the object under inspection; generating eddy current in the object under inspection; continuously changing the penetration depth of an AC magnetic field in the object under inspection; calculating the value of impedance at each penetration depth in the object under inspection; and evaluating the state of the surface treatment(s) by: calculating the ratio between the value of impedance at each penetration depth in the object under inspection and the value of impedance at a corresponding penetration depth in steel which has not been subjected to a surface treatment; and identifying a cause of a change in magnetic permeability of the object under inspection based upon the calculated ratio.

A sensor for monitoring the quality of oil in mechanical machinery is provided. The sensor includes a portion that is sealed from the oil which contains electric circuitry to process signals received from the sensing elements. Another portion of the sensor is exposed to the oil and contains one or more sensing elements to sense one or more properties of the oil. The sensed properties may include electrical properties, temperature properties and/or optical properties.

The invention relates to a measuring device having a transmitter (1, 2, 3) for transmitting a measurement signal, a receiver (4) for receiving a response to the transmitted measurement signal, and a signal processing device (7, 8, 9; 18) for determining a measurement result from the response, the transmitter and/or the receiver having a coil (3; 4; 16), the measuring device having a calibration device for reducing an interference influence on the measurement result, characterized in that the calibration device is configured such that a current pulse can be introduced into the coil (3; 4; 16) from a current source (DC) and the signal processing device (7, 8, 9; 18) can perform a measurement value correction using the calibration signal generated by the current pulse and can determine a measurement result from the response and the measurement value correction.

The invention further relates to a measuring method.

Disclosed herein are a probe for a nondestructive testing device using a crossed gradient induced current and a method of manufacturing an induction coil for a nondestructive testing device. The probe for a nondestructive testing device using a crossed gradient induced current includes an induction coil formed to have a predetermined width and to generate first and second induced currents in a direction crossing each other when a current is applied from a power supply, and a magnetic sensor part installed adjacent to the induction coil so as to measure the first and second induced currents induced from the induction coil.

An apparatus for non-destructive testing of a sample includes a sample holder configured to contain or support the sample; an exciter configured to generate an oscillating electromagnetic field across the sample that operates with at least one predetermined excitation frequency; a receiver configured to detect harmonic electromagnetic signals resulting from induced electromagnetic fields oscillating with at least one frequency that is not equal to the at least one predetermined excitation frequency; a recorder configured to record the harmonic electromagnetic signals; and a processor programmed to construct an induced harmonic electromagnetic spectrum based on the harmonic electromagnetic signals.

A system for simulating the effects of use and aging on immersive coolants. Two conductive coils are immersed in a tank containing a sample of the coolant. The coils are spaced such that electrical activation of the first coil induces current in the second coil. A DC power source is provided to an inverter, which provides AC current for activating the first coil. The induced AC current in the second coil is delivered to a rectifier which converts the induced AC current to DC current. The DC current is then returned to the power source. The electromagnetic field between the coils simulates motor operation, so that the coolant's physical and chemical characteristics can be tested for the effects of use and aging.

A system and method for monitoring a characteristic of a material by measuring electrical or magnetic properties of the material. The system includes a material monitoring device having at least one electrode and at least one magnetic coil, and is in communication with a machine learning model trained to recognize characteristics of the material based on electrical and magnetic properties of the material. The material can be stimulated with an electrical stimulus or stimulating magnetic field, and an electrical response signal or magnetic response signal can be measured. Applications to monitoring water quality, beverages, foodstuffs, and other characteristics of materials is discussed.