Propagating brush discharge testing systems may include a dielectric layer, an initiation electrode, a high-voltage switch, an optical sensor, and a controller. The initiation electrode has an exposed tip positioned adjacent to a surface of the dielectric layer. The high-voltage switch is configured to selectively isolate the initiation electrode from ground potential. The optical sensor is positioned and configured to sense light generated at the surface due to a propagating brush discharge. The controller is programmed to operate the high-voltage switch to ground the initiation electrode and to operate the optical sensor to collect light from the propagating brush discharge. Propagating brush discharge testing methods include positioning an exposed tip of an initiation electrode with respect to a surface of a dielectric layer, then charging the surface, and then grounding the initiation electrode to neutralize charge on the surface (generally causing a propagating brush discharge).

A method of controlling a converting line that produces a paper product. The method includes unwinding a paper web from a parent roll on a converting line having a plurality of operational parameters. The paper web includes a plurality of sections and a plurality of marks, with at least one mark assigned to each of the plurality of sections and each mark associated with a paper rating. At least one of the plurality of marks is read with a mark reading unit. The paper rating associated with the at least one mark read by the reading unit is obtained. At least one operational parameter of the converting line based upon the obtained paper rating is changed. The paper web is converted into a paper product.

A method of wear detection of a coated belt or rope includes measuring an initial electrical resistance of one or more cords, strands or wires of the coated belt or rope. The initial electrical resistance is calibrated by repeating the measuring of initial electrical resistance and populating a database with the measured initial electrical resistance values. A true initial resistance is determined from the population of initial electrical resistances and subsequent measured values of electrical resistance of the one or more cords, strands or wires of the coated belt or rope.

A method of wear detection of a coated belt or rope includes measuring an initial electrical resistance of one or more cords, strands or wires of the coated belt or rope. The initial electrical resistance is calibrated by repeating the measuring of initial electrical resistance and populating a database with the measured initial electrical resistance values. A true initial resistance is determined from the population of initial electrical resistances and subsequent measured values of electrical resistance of the one or more cords, strands or wires of the coated belt or rope.

A package damage inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include: a sensor recognizing internal environmental change information of a sealed container; an identification element including an identification code of the sealed container; a recognizing unit recognizing the identification code included in the identification element to recognize identification information of the sealed container; and a determining unit comparing the internal environmental change information recognized by the sensor and reference change information with each other to determine whether or not the sealed container is maintained in a sealed state.

A package damage inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include: a sensor recognizing internal environmental change information of a sealed container; an identification element including an identification code of the sealed container; a recognizing unit recognizing the identification code included in the identification element to recognize identification information of the sealed container; and a determining unit comparing the internal environmental change information recognized by the sensor and reference change information with each other to determine whether or not the sealed container is maintained in a sealed state.

A converting line for producing a paper product. The converting line includes a paper web being unwound from a parent roll. The paper web has a plurality of sections with at least one mark, associated with an action score, assigned to each of the plurality of sections. The converting line also includes a mark reading unit, which reads one of the plurality of marks on the paper web. The converting line further includes a controller configured to obtain the action score associated with a second one of the plurality of marks; to calculate a distance between the one mark read by the reading unit and the second one of the plurality of marks; and to change at least one operational parameter of the converting line based upon the action score of the second one of the plurality of marks when the calculated distance is less than a threshold.

A converting line for producing a paper product. The converting line includes a paper web being unwound from a parent roll. The paper web has a plurality of sections with at least one mark having a paper rating assigned to each of the plurality of sections. The converting line also includes a mark reading unit that reads at least one of the plurality of marks on the paper web and produces a corresponding output. The converting line includes a controller that receives the output from the mark reading unit, and is configured: (i) to obtain the paper rating associated with the at least one mark read by the reading unit, and (ii) to change at least one operational parameter of the converting line based upon the paper rating. The converting line also includes a finisher. The paper web is fed to the finisher and converted into a paper product.

A method and a device for testing for the presence of micro-holes or microcracks in a bottom surface of test objects includes an upper electrode arranged above a transport level and a lower electrode arranged below the transport level. The magnitude of a test voltage generated by two voltage sources connected in series is controlled at the electrodes so that the test voltage is greater than or equal to the breakdown voltage between the electrodes in air, and smaller than the breakdown voltage through a test object without holes or cracks. The test voltage is controlled temporally and synchronously with the movement of the test objects, so that the test voltage is only applied when one of the test objects is located between the electrodes. A hole or crack is recognized by a breakdown to the discharge path between the electrodes.

A method and a device for testing for the presence of micro-holes or microcracks in a bottom surface of test objects includes an upper electrode arranged above a transport level and a lower electrode arranged below the transport level. The magnitude of a test voltage generated by two voltage sources connected in series is controlled at the electrodes so that the test voltage is greater than or equal to the breakdown voltage between the electrodes in air, and smaller than the breakdown voltage through a test object without holes or cracks. The test voltage is controlled temporally and synchronously with the movement of the test objects, so that the test voltage is only applied when one of the test objects is located between the electrodes. A hole or crack is recognized by a breakdown to the discharge path between the electrodes.