A variable value calculating process includes: measuring a propagation time of the propagation of an ultrasound wave through a measurement sector inside a housing; obtaining a temperature calculated value on the basis of the measured value of the propagation time and a reference distance for the measurement sector; obtaining a temperature measured value by measuring the temperature inside the housing; and obtaining a temperature replacement fluctuation value indicating a difference between the temperature calculated value and the temperature measured value. The variable value calculating process is executed for each of a plurality of temperature conditions under which the temperature of a reference gas inside the housing differs. A temperature compensation table in which the temperature of a gas to be measured is associated with a temperature compensation value relating to the temperature is obtained on the basis of the temperature replacement fluctuation values obtained under each temperature condition.

A variable value calculating process includes: measuring a propagation time of the propagation of an ultrasound wave through a measurement sector inside a housing; obtaining a temperature calculated value on the basis of the measured value of the propagation time and a reference distance for the measurement sector; obtaining a temperature measured value by measuring the temperature inside the housing; and obtaining a temperature replacement fluctuation value indicating a difference between the temperature calculated value and the temperature measured value. The variable value calculating process is executed for each of a plurality of temperature conditions under which the temperature of a reference gas inside the housing differs. A temperature compensation table in which the temperature of a gas to be measured is associated with a temperature compensation value relating to the temperature is obtained on the basis of the temperature replacement fluctuation values obtained under each temperature condition.

An ultrasonic measuring device for the measurement of a flow of a fluid, includes a measuring tube, a first chamber and a second chamber. The measuring tube has a central axis, which defines a flow direction for the fluid; The first chamber has a first ultrasonic transducer arranged therein. The second chamber has a second ultrasonic transducer arranged therein. The measuring tube includes an inlet and an outlet for the fluid. The first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer bound a rectilinear measuring section for the fluid, the first chamber and the second chamber being configured and arranged such that the fluid is capable of flowing around each of them. The first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer are arranged such that the measuring section extends in the flow direction.

Pressure-inducing devices and pressure transducers can be used to detect and quantify liquid pools in hydrocarbon fluid pipelines. Pressure fluctuations can be detected by a pressure transducer, where the pressure fluctuations are the response of a pressure-inducing device outputting a pressure signal in a pipe carrying hydrocarbons. Variation in a pipe diameter caused by pooling or deposition can be estimated using an inverse model. The pooling or depositions can be classified by applying a machine-learning model to the pressure fluctuations. The variation in pipe diameter can be converted to an equivalent liquid volume for pooling locations. A pooling or deposition location and volume can be output and used for determining an action on the pipe to remove the pooling or deposition.

A method for inferring an inferred speed of sound of a flow fluid is disclosed. The method is conducted by a computer system (200) having a processor (210) and a memory (220), the processor (210) configured to execute instructions from the memory (220) and store data in the memory (220), the memory (220) having a SoS inference module (202). The method includes inferring, by the SoS inference module (202), the inferred speed of sound of the flow fluid based on an inferential relationship between a measured density of the flow fluid and the inferred speed of sound of the flow fluid.

A method for inferring an inferred speed of sound of a flow fluid is disclosed. The method is conducted by a computer system (200) having a processor (210) and a memory (220), the processor (210) configured to execute instructions from the memory (220) and store data in the memory (220), the memory (220) having a SoS inference module (202). The method includes inferring, by the SoS inference module (202), the inferred speed of sound of the flow fluid based on an inferential relationship between a measured density of the flow fluid and the inferred speed of sound of the flow fluid.

A transducer system. The system comprises a transducer and circuitry for applying an excitation waveform to excite the transducer during an excitation period. The circuitry for applying has: (i) circuitry for applying a first waveform at a first frequency; and (ii) circuitry for applying a second waveform at a second frequency differing from the first frequency.

Various embodiments include determining a level of a surface of a fluid and/or for determining a quality of the fluid in a fluid container. An example apparatus comprises a sound transducer module having two sound transducers designed to receive and emit sound signals in such a manner that a superimposition sound signal results when the sound signals are superimposed, and a reference element arranged in the fluid at a predefined distance from the sound transducer module and is designed to reflect the superimposition sound signal. The sound transducer module is designed, by superimposing the at least two sound signals, to emit the superimposition sound signal both in a first direction to the surface of the fluid and in a second direction to the reference element, said second direction running at a predetermined sound signal angle with respect to the first direction.

A method of delivering fuel to an engine during operation of the engine, that includes, sensing the speed of sound in the fuel, determining a density or property of the fuel, and based on that density or fuel property adjusting the flow rate of the fuel. Further, an established fuel profile or determined energy density value can also be used to adjust the flow rate of the fuel.

An environment detection system includes a sound wave transmitter, a sound wave receiver, and a determination unit. The sound wave transmitter transmits a detection sound wave to a target space where an environment control device that conditions air in a space is installed. The sound wave receiver receives the detection sound wave transmitted by the sound wave transmitter. The determination unit determines a temperature or an air velocity in a first region near the environment control device, based on predetermined acquired information acquired from the environment control device. The environment detection system obtains a temperature or air velocity distribution in the target space, based on measured sound wave data. A temperature or air velocity distribution in a second region is obtained based on at least either the temperature or the air velocity in the first region determined by the determination unit and the measured sound wave data.